Elimination of Waste in a Lean Manufacturing Environment

Many things can be done in a manufacturing endeavour in coif to increase its performance. Special consideration should be given to the activi take outs where the most benefit can be attained. The exclusion of drive out is the most important contributor to improvement in a lean manufacturing environment. The efforts for the voidance of fumble begin on the manufacturing floor and include all areas of the enterprise all the way up to management. The whole organization plays a part in the continuous efforts to eliminate waste.It is the responsibility of management to stick out the proper training and tools so that all personnel can properly participate in these activities. erst the personnel is actively searching for and eliminating waste, proper care must(prenominal) be taken in order to not introduce bare-ass sources of waste into the system. One important aspect to consider in the elimination of waste is that waste must not be transferred to vendors, customers or another are a at bottom the enterprise. Vendors cannot be expected to bear the burden of improper methods of waste elimination without undesirable consequences and likely introduction of new wastes.The transfer of waste to the customer is a dangerous and undesirable proposition since they are the reason the manufacturing enterprise inhabits in the first place. Working closely with the customer leads to a better understanding of their requirements and improved inversely beneficial processes or methods can be implemented. This allows the elimination of additional waste where the original demands of the customer whitethorn have forced areas within the manufacturing enterprise to contain waste. In order to very remove waste it must be eliminated from the system entirely and not simply transferred within the system (Goldratt, 2004).Waste exists in all areas of an organization. This is an important reason why successful efforts to eliminate it can have much(prenominal)(prenominal) a huge impact on the organizations performance. alikels such as 5S programs, Standard Operating Procedures, gibe productive maintenance, or visual management tools and techniques can be implemented to aid in such efforts (NWLEAN, Inc. , 2013). According to run principles there are eight major areas of waste. They are referred to as the Eight bad Wastes 1. Overproduction Making or doing more than is required or earlier than needed. This waste can tie up significant working capital that could be sed for other purposes. 2. Waiting For information, materials, people, maintenance, etc.An organization must look to eliminate or minimize any wait- times by ensuring that items arrive only when they are truly needed. 3. Transport Moving people or goods around or between sites. Although some is necessary, this is potentially a huge waste with poorly planned distances or number of moves. 4. Poor process design Too many/few steps, non-standardization, inspection rather than prevention, etc. An organiz ation should strive to eliminate any non-value adding activities within the process. 5. Inventory Work-in-progress, papers, electronic files, etc. An understanding is needed of how long it takes to replenish each item in order to truly reflect the real customer demand and not mask waste such as excessive queue times, unbalanced workloads, unreliable suppliers, or misunderstood customer needs. 6. Motion inefficient layouts, unplanned downtime, poor ergonomics in offices, etc. If there is any type of unnecessary try of people or machines then there is motion waste. 7. Defects Errors, scrap, rework, non-conformance poor quality controls, process documentation or machine capabilities, etc.Strive to eliminate all causes of defects through mistake proofing and statistical methods of process control. 8. military unit resources and creativity This is the waste of not using peoples mental, creative, and physical abilities. Everyone can be a successful contributor toward the organizati ons goal and elimination of waste. Availability of appropriate resource levels at all times can be achieved through good communications, teamwork, proper training, and by avoiding over-skilled personnel to be used for daily tasks (Juran Institute, Inc. 2013). In-line with Mr. Paretos famous rule, 80% of the benefits during the implementation of lean principles exist in the elimination of waste. Many tools exist in order to achieve and maintain meaningful results. It is with the proper implementation of these tools that successful elimination of waste can be achieved. Some tools will have more impact than others depending on the organization so careful planning and implementation is needed in order to achieve real improvements with the best thinkable benefits.Works CitedGoldratt, E. M. (2004). The Goal A Process of Ongoing Improvement. GreatBarrington, MA The North River Press Publishing Corp. Juran Institute, Inc. (2013). Retrieved Jul. 11, 2013, from Juran http//www.juran.com/ NW LEAN, Inc. (2013). Retrieved Jul. 10, 2013, from The Northwest Lean Networks http//nwlean.net/

The Effects of Lsd

lysergic acid diethylamide was first synthesized on November 16, 1938 by Swiss chemist Albert Hofmann at the Sandoz Laboratories in Basel, Switzerland as part of a large research program distinct for medically useful ergot alkaloid derivatives. lysergic acid diethylamides psychedelic properties were discovered 5 years later when Hofmann himself accidentally ingested an un cognize quantity of the chemical. The first intentional ingestion of lysergic acid diethylamide occurred on April 19, 1943, when Hofmann ingested 250 mg of lysergic acid diethylamide. He said this would be a threshold dose based on the panes of other ergot alkaloids.Hofmann found the effects to be much stronger than he anticipated. Sandoz Laboratories introduced LSD as a psychiatric medicine in 1947. Beginning in the 1950s the US Central Intelligence Agency began a research program code named end MKULTRA. Experiments included administering LSD to CIA employees, military personnel, doctors, other government agen ts, prostitutes, mentally ill patients, and members of the general public in order to admit their reactions, usually without the subjects knowledge. The project was revealed in the US congressional Rockefeller Commission stem in 1975.In 1963 the Sandoz patents expired on LSD. Also in 1963, the US Food and Drug Administration classified LSD as an Investigational New Drug, which meant new restrictions on medical and scientific use. Several figures, including Aldous Huxley, Timothy Leary, and Al Hubbard, began to incite the consumption of LSD. LSD became central to the counterculture of the mid-sixties. On October 24, 1968, possession of LSD was made illegal in the united States. The last FDA approved study of LSD in patients ended in 1980, while a study in healthy volunteers was made in the late 1980s.Legally approved and regulated psychiatric use of LSD continued in Switzerland until 1993. Today, medical research is resuming around the world. Lysergic acid diethylamide, abbrevia ted LSD or LSD-25, excessively known as lysergide (INN) and colloquially as acid, is a semisynthetic psychedelic do drugs of the ergoline family, well known for its psychological effects which can include altered thinking processes, closed and open eye visuals, synesthesia, an altered sense of time and spiritual causes, as well as for its key role in 1960s counterculture.It is used mainly as an entheogen, recreational drug, and as an agent in psychedelic therapy. LSD is non-addictive, is not known to cause brain damage, and has extremely low toxicity relative to dose. However, adverse psychiatric reactions much(prenominal) as anxiety, paranoia, and delusions atomic number 18 possible. LSD was first synthesized by Albert Hofmann in 1938 from ergotamine, a chemical derived by Arthur Stoll from ergot, a grain fungus that typically grows on rye. The short form LSD comes from its early code name LSD-25, which is an abbreviation for the German Lysergsaure-diethylamid followed by a sequential number.LSD is sensitive to oxygen, ultraviolet light, and chlorine, especially in solution, though its authorization whitethorn last for years if it is stored away from light and moisture at low temperature. In axenic form it is a colorless, odorless, tasteless solid. LSD is typically delivered orally, usually on a substrate such as absorbent blotter paper, a sugar cube, or gelatin. In its liquid form, it can to a fault be administered by intramuscular or intravenous injection. LSD is very potent, with 2030 g (micrograms) being the threshold dose.New experiments with LSD have started in 2009 for the first time in 40 years. Introduced by Sandoz Laboratories, with trade-name Delysid, as a drug with various psychiatric uses in 1947, LSD quickly became a healthful agent that appe atomic number 18d to show great promise. In the 1950s, officials at the U. S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) thought the drug might be applicable to discernment control and chemical warfare th e agencys MKULTRA research program propagated the drug among young servicemen and students.The subsequent recreational use of the drug by youth culture in the western sandwich world during the 1960s led to a political firestorm that resulted in its prohibition. Currently, a number of organizationsincluding the Beckley Foundation, MAPS, Heffter Research impart and the Albert Hofmann Foundationexist to fund, encourage and coordinate research into the medicinal and spiritual uses of LSD and related psychedelics. LSD can cause pupil dilation, reduced or increased appetite, and wakefulness.Other physical reactions to LSD are extremely variable and nonspecific, some of which may be secondary to the psychological effects of LSD. Among the reported symptoms are numbness, weakness, nausea, hypothermia or hyperthermia, elevated blood sugar, goose bumps, heart rate increase, jaw clenching, perspiration, saliva production, mucus production, sleeplessness, hyperreflexia, and tremors. Some user s, including Albert Hofmann, report a strong metallic taste for the duration of the effects.LSD is not considered addictive by the medical community. quick tolerance build-up prevents regular use,citation needed and cross-tolerance has been demonstrated between LSD, mescaline and psilocybin. This tolerance diminishes aft(prenominal) a few days after cessation of use and is probably caused by down regulation of 5-HT2A receptors in the brain. LSDs psychological effects (colloquially called a trip) vary greatly from person to person, depending on factors such as previous learns, state of mind and surroundings, as well as dose strength.They also vary from one trip to another, and even as time pass during a single trip. An LSD trip can have long-term psych wound up effects some users cite the LSD acknowledge as causing significant changes in their reputation and life perspective citation needed. Widely different effects emerge based on what Timothy Leary called compensate and set ting the set being the general mindset of the user, and the setting being the physical and social environment in which the drugs effects are experienced.Some psychological effects may include an experience of radiant colors, objects and surfaces coming into court to ripple or breathe, colored patterns behind the closed eyelids (eidetic imagery), an altered sense of time (time seems to be stretching, repeating itself, changing speed or stopping), crawling geometric patterns overlaying walls and other objects, morphing objects, a sense that ones thoughts are spiraling into themselves, loss of a sense of identity or the ego (known as ego finish), and other powerful psycho-physical reactions. Many users experience dissolution between themselves and the outside world.This unitive quality may play a role in the spiritual and religious aspects of LSD. The drug sometimes leads to disintegration or restructuring of the users historical personality and creates a mental state that some users report allows them to have more than woof regarding the nature of their own personality. If the user is in a hostile or otherwise unsettling environment, or is not mentally prepared for the powerful distortions in perception and thought that the drug causes, effects are more likely to be unpleasant than if he or she is in a comfortable environment and has a relaxed, balanced and open mindset.LSD causes an altered sensory experience of senses, emotions, memories, time, and awareness for 6 to 14 hours, depending on dosage and tolerance. Generally beginning within thirty to ninety minutes after ingestion, the user may experience anything from subtle changes in perception to overwhelming cognitive shifts. Changes in auditory and visual perception are typical. Visual effects include the illusion of movement of static surfaces (walls breathing), after mage-like trails of moving objects (tracers), the expression of moving colored geometric patterns (especially with closed eyes), an inte nsification of colors and brightness (sparkling), new textures on objects, woolly vision, and shape suggestibility. Users commonly report that the inanimate world appears to animate in an unexplainable way for instance, objects that are static in three dimensions can seem to be moving relative to one or more additional spatial dimensions. Many of the basic visual effects resemble the phosphine seen after applying constrict to the eye and have also been studied under the name form constants.The auditory effects of LSD may include echo-like distortions of sounds, changes in ability to discern concurrent auditory stimuli, and a general intensification of the experience of music. Higher doses often cause intense and fundamental distortions of sensory perception such as synesthesia, the experience of additional spatial or temporal dimensions, and temporary dissociation. The potential uses of LSD end of life anxiety, alcoholism, pain, bunch up headaches, spiritual, and creativity. Thes e are the potential adverse effects adverse drug interactions, mental disorders, and suggestibility and also psychosis.

Attachment Theory and Partnership Model

Describe how partnerships with cargonrs are developed and sustained in own work setting A partnership pretence work around a opening of collaboration, understanding and and communication. Its a way that helps to recognise how the best outcomes discount happen for children when care, development and learnedness provision/a setting , a cooperatively unneurotic. A partnership model looks like this Identifying unavoidably via a partnership /mullet agency document can happen though the pre CAF assessment scrap list and CAF common assessment framework which is touchd with appropriate agencies.Alongside the aims of home nations primeval year framework eg Englands eyfs, Wales foundation phase, NI foundation stage or Scotlands prebrith-3 & political platform for excellence, childrens progresses seen to be greater when a partnership is supported evidence based on EPPE picture quote This finding indicates that what parents do is more important for the academic and social/behavioural development of their than who parents are supports a joint or joined up admittance .Check how your setting promotes an open door policy, involves, actively invites and work towards engaging parents/carers in the setting s planning and decision making processes. How do you share observations daily happenings how parents/carers contribute 7 are part of assessments 7 updates by letting setting hold out about development interests, medical and dietary needs data protection, confidentiality act & freedom of information.Considerations to take into beak for a partnership model are the potential barriers could be involved thatCommunication& how to overcome those barriers language, delectation & access to technology eg. phone, email, literacy skills technology Confidence & self esteem anyone with little confidence, sense of worth and apprize whitethorn feel uncomfortable/incapable of imparting their ideas, views and opinions. Obligations of work time, income all have a mien on how a ctive a parent/carer can be in a partnership model. teaching disabilities and culturecan impact on relationships with care providers as an expectation to work together may be unexpected, unfamiliar, cause suspicion & be unwelcome it is also possible an appearance of professionalism creates a barrier, dread &withdrawal. Understandingequal opportunity, equality amp inclusion in participationwhilst this is a practice approach that may be extended to all it may not be taken up by individuals in the same way. In possible contrast maybe, to the view as to how behaviourist theory relates to demonstrable reinforcement operant conditioningthat may be exerted over childrens choice/motivation to participate, knowing that the less pressure adults feel exposed and obligated to, the more likely it is that theyll feel free and welcomed in fetching part where and when they are able to. Evaluation methods eg.Feedback,surveyand sensitive questionnaires can help identify areas a setting does well in, those for further investigation and aspects of provision that individuals enjoy being part of or can see a way to suggest improvement in. Breaking/breaching confidentiality in a partnership model can cause mistrust & impact negatively on the effectiveness of future engagement vocal paper 7 electronically kept information data protection act If it helps there is counselling that supports further research on pages 164 and 221+ of theHeinemann level 3 handbookParental rightson direct gov and thechildrens act 1989 Howard Gardners multi intelligence theory. Hisframes of brainpowerpublication recognised the role of the parent as a childs first educator, providing physical and emotional influence. The townsfolk Reggio Emiliaand the development of a philosophy and educational approach. Parent co-operativemodel for provision Commitee run preschool www. bernardvanleer. org alliance theory linked through psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud 1856 1939 Melanie Klein 1882 1960 John Bowlby 1907 1990 Mary Ainsworth 1913 1999Donald Winnicott 1896 1971 transitional object The limit of childrens resillience is in repeated disruption to attachments, when people leave or let them down. Barbara Tizard suggests roles for childrens well-being, physical and emotional development follow in significant some others with a genuine commitment and continuity of interest in remaining set in a childs life carers, adoption, looked after settings, foster parents, guardians, sibling care and parenting responsibilities carried out by other immediate and extended family members.Key worker/person system Peter Elfer google book preview Working together * Englands eys framework eyfs theme of positive relationships, principle parents as partners * Northern Irelands NI curriuculmfoundation and areas of learning * Irelands Aistearguidelines for right(a) practicebuilding partnerships between parents and practitioners. Wales foundation phase positive partnerships with home,learning and teaching pedagogy * Scotlands political program for excellence parents as partners A health care model for the support of children family partnership modelCPCS. org. uk Parents/carers are stakeholders in thier childrens education providers in that they are the ones who retain a continued presence after a setting has been left/provision ended. Multi-agency working, how partnerships promote links with agencies and parent/carers and mosiac approach.

Department of Employment Essay

An increase in part period employment has been in the Retail and tertiary sectors. A survey carried out by the suggested that 77% of workers in nightclubs, bars and public houses were part period workers, 65% of food retail workers were part time employees and 57% of restaurant workers were part time employees. The split between new full time jobs and part time jobs in the UK was 50.1% part time jobs and 49.9% full-time.2(a) Identify the indicators normally used to recount between develop and highly- actual countries and analyse their efficaciousness.In the world there be veritable countries and develop countries and in order to distinguish the ii indicators are used. Indicators such as gross domestic product per gallery, life apprehension and birth rate are used to distinguish between the deuce types of countries.GDP (Gross domestic product) per head shows the aver date income person and outhouse be calculated quite easily. This can be used to examine the GDP per head of two countries a developed country will have a higher GDP per head than a developing country. It used to indicate how well(p)s and function they can consume and thus gives a gives a standardised of living. GDP per head alone does not give a clear indication of the amount of goods and services an average person can consume.Therefore it can be adjusted to GDP per person in Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) and this accounts for the cost of living. The PPP method takes the same amounts of goods and services in two countries and wherefore calculates how much it would cost to spoil these goods and services, i.e. a $100 in Ethiopia can buy more goods and services than a $100 in the United States, and without adjusting to PPP using GDP per head on its own to compare two countries would be unfair.GDP per head in PPP is a useful indicator of comparing two countries and especially in comparing a developed country to a developing country because it measures the average income per person an d it is adjusted to its purchasing power, so if a person in country A gets $4 per hour and a person in country B gets $1 per however it does not necessarily mean that the person in country A can buy 4 times as much goods as the person in country B (given that they twain work the same amount of hours).There are also weaknesses however in the GDP per head even when it is adjusted to PPP, it does not take in account the hidden economy. The hidden economy complicates outlaw(prenominal) activity, subsistence farming, and DIY etc. this would be particularly important in LEDCs where there is a large countryfied economy and a great deal of corruption. For example it is thought if the hidden economy of Nigeria is brought forward in calculating its GDP then the GDP would increase by 70%.Another weakness is that although the GDP per head may be high it may mask a very wide statistical distribution of wealth. In Saudi Arabia for example there are a very rich few the tack together the GDP p er head whereas the rest of the country are is not as economically well of as the GDP would suggest.Knowledge is also an indicator used to distinguish between developed and developing countries. on with resources knowledge is take up to make good use of the resources. Therefore education is a good indicator, this would include literacy rate and percentage of people going to higher education. In developed countries it is compulsory for children under the age of 16 to attend school, in developing countries however a percentage of the children start work before the age 16, as they need to help out with the family income. Children are seen as a source of income in poorer community of the LEDCs and therefore are sent to work at an early age preferably than attending school. This is particularly true in the rural areas of an LEDC.In developed countries there is no need for the children to work at such an early age as the parents usually work and can wage for their expenses or they ca n claim benefits from the government. The number of people that go on to university can be measurable and in developed countries there are a great number of people going to university than in developing countries. The graph (on the following page) compares the United Sates to Uzbekistan. It is quite clear that there are a greater number of university students in the United Sates than there are in Uzbekistan.Literacy rate is commonly used to compare to countries and does give a set of good contributes when comparing a developed country to a developing country. The number university student is not used as indicator but it is another example of how developed countries have more people going on to further education.Life expectancy and baby death rate are two important indicators between developed and developing countries. Life expectancy and infant fatality rate both show the state of the countrys health attending. In developed countries the health care is quite good and people wi th an distemper are likely to get a cure for their illness quickly and survive, but in developing countries there are poor health care systems and patients do not get treated as well or as quickly and as result there are deaths that could be prevented. A low infant mortality is the result of a good health care system and good health care systems are found in developed countries. For example in Bangladesh infant mortality is 69.98 per 1000 where as in Switzerland it is 4.87 per 1000.Life expectancy and infant mortality can be used to good effect to distinguish between developed and developing countries. The two indicators show the how much a government or the people of the country are unbidden to pay for their health care, the wealthier the country the better the health care, and wealthy countries are the developed countries. Life expectancy can, however, be very low, in Rwanda the life expectancy is 22, and this can give the impression that the country is the worst of the develop ing countries. The low age of life expectancy is because of war and young men who are soldiers are the most likely to die and thus bring down the life expectancy. If there were no wars then life expectancy would be much higher and the country may not be seen as the worst of the developing countries.

Economics light Essay

Q1. Mention the enigma?The problem of that case landing field is the organizational conflict i.e. every functional motorbus is trying to get his deliver interest therefore, the working climate became disturbed. In other words, it is possible to say that it is a communication issue. Q2.What did sales managers do?The problem of the sales manager lies in focusing on acquire to a greater extent customers more than thinking of getting more profitable orders. Q3. What did manufacturing managers do?The problem with the manufacturing managers consists in disordering of work steps, light air orders and dark color orders, which in turn wastes time and m wizardy. Q4. State your opinion to solve the problem?SOLUTION1. Sales managerHe should modify the pricing policy for rush orders in a way that enables the company to excel its breakeven point and get at least its profitable processing .i.e. to make a special determine for rush orders. 2. Manufacturing managerHe should review the cleani ng process and try to implement a more cost reducing efficient method. 3. General manager* He should consider introducing a new work, one for light color and the other for dark color, hence, reducing the cost of getting a new machine will be covered by eliminating the cost of cleaning and cost of time wasted. * He should witness that the 250 workforce are aware of that every workers effort and role is step in many pre and rank steps. Hence the notion of teamwork will prevail.* Every worker should be aware of not only his own task but also the tasks of all his coworkers to get the value of his own role and appreciate it so self esteem will prevail. * As for , the functional managers, especially, the manufacturing and sales managers should be aware of their critical bureau and try to be farsighted to the long runobjectives not only the short run. They should get rid of their personal interests and vision. They should cooperate and try to implement an overall objective.Done by Abd ulla Talal AlsadaBH05501669SBI((FF))

Ansoff Matrix Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Ansoff matrix - Research Paper ExamplePrior to the publication of this book, many organisations at that time had little management on how to plan and make decisions for the future many still relied on conventional forms of planning that gnarled decisions based on an extended budgeting system which in turn is derived on a projected budgetary outcome to some point in the future (Chartered Institute of Management, 2003).Recognizing the needs of business organisations during his time, Ansoff stated that, a firm needs direction and focus in its search for and creation of new opportunities and the fact that it is to the firms emolument to see entries with strong synergistic potential (Ansoff 1965, p. 104 - 105). Furthermore, Levitt (1960) suggested that in order for an organisation to be successful and take then an organisation would require a definitive description of their role within their environment.However, Ansoff have his suffer share of critics. Ansoff and Henry Mintzberg hav e differing views on strategy. In particular, Mintzbergs is averse to Ansoffs view on strategy that is strengthened upon planning (Ansoff 1965, p. 1207).Levitt (1960) elaborated that organisations should have some form of natural extensions of the firms products and food trades explaining natural extensions of the firms product-market position, derived from some core symptomatic of the present business. explaining that businesses in one particular industry, for example railroads, could in fact class themselves as in the transportation business (Ansoff 1965).Ansoff (1965, p. 105) proposed that, in fact, this idea was too broad and didnt take into account stakeholders or the investment community understanding or relationship of organisations future product-market direction or common thread. He further grow on this, stating that a relationship between present and future product-markets which would enable outsiders to perceive where the firm is heading, and the intimate managemen t to give it guidance.The common thread in fact was based on three factors harmonize to Ansoff. These are the followingProduct-market scope-which identifies the industries to which an organisation limits its product/market positionGrowth vector-which is the direction or is an reference of the direction that an organisation is moving towards or with respect to its current product, market position and Competitive advantage-which is an attack to understand the properties of individual products markets that will allow an organisation to remain or sustain a militant advantage.It was through this explanation of the growth vector which elaborates the common thread and the prospective direction of an organisation that becomes the creative activity and led to the creation of the Ansoff matrix otherwise known as the market/product matrix (Ansoff 1965).The Ansoffs MatrixPresentNewPresentMarketPenetrationProduct knowledgeNewMarketDevelopmentDiversificationSource Ansoff, 1965 The matrix as p roposed by Ansoff attempts to indicate the direction of organisation product/market posture, through four possible product/market combinations market penetration product development market development and

Management strategy and policy research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Management strategy and policy - enquiry Paper ExampleThe net revenue of the ac ships company in the financial year 2011 was $701.29 million, which reflects a reflecting a hale financial situation of the company. Aramex is a publicly traded joint stock company registered under coupled Arab Emirates laws and its sh atomic number 18s are traded in Dubai financial market. The company is currently headquartered at Amman, Jordan and has its business wings spread in every(prenominal) over the world. The organizational structure of the company is well defined and is managed along two tracks - 1) by service of process 2) geographically, with the help of, country managers, regional senior managers and cross?functional country?basedAramexteams that is providing harmonization of all Aramex services on a modified basis to Aramex customers (About Aramex). The organizational structure of the company is presented to a lower place - Organizational structure of Aramex and how it impacts the de sign and implementation of Strategy Figure 1 Corporate management structure of Aramex (Source Aramex, Sustainability Report 2006 8) The above chart clearly points out about the departments or divisions of the organization. In addition, the chart in like manner sheds light on the way Aramex is carrying out and managing its business functions. Presently the company has 4 major departments to wit marketing, IT (information technology), finance and the operations departments. Each of the departments is being headed by the VPs (Vice Presidents). From the organizational chart it has also spy that the company has appointed VPs in different location. Most of them are responsible for managing the operation of the lot areas. The structure followed by the company is therefore clearly divisional structure. However, these VPs do not score to any of the departmental heads, rather they directly reports to the CEO of the company. Apart from them, other business heads such as the chief techno logy officer, chief marketing officer, group financial controller, sr. VP finance and CFO, VP logistics and ground operation, Sr. VP cargo, VP express, chief strategy office, vice president, as well as the in front managing director. Hence, it is obvious that the company has been able to streamline its business process with this organizational arrangement. On the contrary, if the arrangement wouldnt have been allot the performance of the company was sure to be negatively impacted. However, the financial results of the company clearly points out that the company is doing well in the market place. The flat and decentralized management structure of the organization is one of the primaeval drivers of success for the company. The simple and flexible structure of the organization has allowed them to empower the employees of the organization and also make determination pertaining to the enhancement of the companys service offerings irrespective of the location of the organization and t he level at which they are operating (Aramex, the age of entrepreneur 4). Nevertheless, a number of studies reveal that the organizational structure has a strong impact on the design, formulation and implementation of the organizational strategies. Organizational strategy and structure are highly related as the organizational strategy of a company helps them to describe, identify and build the organizational structure. This is the ground why the organizational structure of a company is based on the outcome of the analysis of the