tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-45519409420617383932024-03-08T16:18:47.326-08:00How to write an abstract for a lab reportEllenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.comBlogger229125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-38066189019801812472020-08-26T00:42:00.001-07:002020-08-26T00:42:08.122-07:00III analysis of the Higher Education Act of 1965, by 4-10 Research PaperIII investigation of the Higher Education Act of 1965, by 4-10 - Research Paper Example The Higher Education Act of 1965 was an enactment which went ahead the impact points of the Civil Rights Movement (1961-1965) and the flood of race riots crossing a similar time. Fighting the disparities and absence of opportunity for headway, the ethnic minorities in America especially Blacks defied government's arrangement of isolation and separation. The Ole Miss mob of 1962, the Cambridge uproars of 1963, the New York City mob of 1964, the Rochester mob of 1964, the Elizabeth mob of 1964, the Dixmoor mob of 1964, the Philadelphia mob of 1964 and the Watts mob of 1965 number a couple of the spate of mobs which show the open complaint of race minorities who were denied of a few human rights, one of which was training. Once, the significant expense of advanced education guaranteed that the less fortunate classes of Americans, among which incorporated the Native Americans, Hispanic Americans and the African-Americans, got banned section from academic establishments. These human right s infringements would hinder social versatility and would keep a cross area of individuals uneducated and in discouraged conditions. The Higher Education Act became united into assemblage of established laws under the U.S. Division of Education in November 8, 1965. This law spoke to an achievement of accomplishment for Americans who couldn't manage the cost of training past the optional level. The American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU) adapted to the situation, in any event, during this fierce period, to advocate the fundamental right of oppressed Americans to be educated, paying little mind to shading, class or doctrine. The American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU) is an association gotten from the Association of Teacher Education Institutions. The goals of AASCU were to empower the individuals to make their impact felt regarding national undertakings, to introduce the qualities and administrations of state schools and colleges viably to people in general and to organizations and people from which awards of assets may be accessible, to speak to the individuals from the Association in the National Commission on Accrediting, and to lead investigations of instructive issues of basic enthusiasm to the individuals (Hager). AASCU started its reality in 1961, set up on the grounds that the National Association of State Universities and Land Grant Colleges (NASULGC) and the American Association of Community Colleges (AACC) didn't react thoroughly to the necessities of Americans endeavoring to better themselves however registration to multi year schools and colleges. The open arrangement articulated the need of subsidizing for organizations instructing minorities to fulfill arrangements in Title III of the Higher Education Act of 1965. The approach portion in center underscores the AASCUââ¬â¢s objective to expand assignment levels for minority foundations serving oppressed understudies. The explanation requiring incre ment in subsidizing is the deficiency of the Pell awards. In spite of the fact that the Pell Grant program began spilling assets since 1975, the money related bestowal stayed predictable for more than a quarter century even with raising school costs. Projects, for example, Leveraging Educational Assistance Partnership (LEAP), the Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant Program Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-14095158473956038222020-08-22T06:22:00.001-07:002020-08-22T06:22:25.213-07:00Delegation for ManagersAppointment for Managers Free Online Research Papers Appointment is significant for a chief or boss to evade burnout and be able to finish a task altogether by built up timetables. Chiefs and manager may stay away from designation since they may accept they are the main individual equipped for finishing the errand or they are worried about the possibility that that they won't be required, if other can finish the assignment. ââ¬Å"When you delegate you ranch out an assignment, anyway you are as yet liable for dealing with its palatable and opportune completion.â⬠(ââ¬Å"The Importance of Delegationâ⬠, Author, Krissy Jackson) To assign an errand you should initially conclude who might be ideal to finish the activity. Plainly express the target and cutoff times for the undertaking. Explicitly stating the goals and cutoff times will enable the worker to have a reference of what you examined about the venture. Give the representative access to any required materials, for example, notices and supporting archives. You ought to catch up on the undertaking to be certain the worker comprehends the task and cutoff times are being met. Likewise, make certain to make yourself accessible to the worker for inquiries to explain any piece of the task. Above all, ensure you give customary input and commendation to help the employeeââ¬â¢s endeavors. So as to be fruitful at appointment, you ought to understand that not every person will finish an errand in a similar way you would, be available to thoughts, be a decent communicator, acknowledge that individuals commit errors, and you should never lose your temper. Mentor the representative through missteps and misjudging and utilize an open discourse, as opposed to provide orders and simply bring up botches. ââ¬Å"Though designation is one of the most troublesome abilities for a pioneer to secure, it tends to be extremely fruitful and rewarding.â⬠(National Collegiate 4-H, Delegation, collegiate4h.org/clubdevelopment/delegation.asp) I am as of now in my subsequent administration position. The principal position I held was as a manager of strong waste. In my situation there, I regularly assigned a significant number of the past supervisorââ¬â¢s errands out to the associate director. I had the option to concentrate on different undertakings that lead to an expanded benefit for the office. My chief and town board valued my endeavors and comprehended that I expected to designate errands so as to proceed onward to different assignments. When I finished and executed methodology, I frequently had the option to designate them. In my second situation as managerial administrations administrator for an assembling organization, the leader of the organization doesn't assign well. I began appointing assignment to the clerical specialist and other office individual. Once, I had the opportunity, I began a pamphlet and different advancements for the organization. I additionally made another client database that was more effective and easy to use than our current Excel spreadsheet, which recorded more than 8,000 clients. The new assignments I had assumed control over where the leader of the companyââ¬â¢s duty and he had never let any other person handle them. The presidentââ¬â¢s primary target when he recruited me, was for the managerial administrations chief to deal with these undertaking. In spite of the fact that I had full endorsement to compose the pamphlet and assume control over different errands, my manager couldnââ¬â¢t let them go. When I had composed something, he would clutch it for a considerable length of time and when he was prepared for me to send it out, the material was not significant. The president is a bottleneck. Activities stall out in his office since he feels just as he needs to do everything. The result is that he loses clients since he can't stay aware of their solicitations and there is a high representative turnover since workers fell as thought they are not significant or a piece of the association. Appointment can enable an organization to make a decent workplace for representatives and can help the organization helping them increment consumer loyalty. On the off chance that administrator can assign work, they can focus on improvement and their clients without appointment, directors are tied up in the little subtleties, which can be taken care of by another representative. It is in a managerââ¬â¢s and the companyââ¬â¢s wellbeing to instruct and learn appointment abilities. References: 1. Articlesbase, ââ¬Å"The Importance of Delegationâ⬠, Author, Krissy Jackson, Career Coach, September 9, 2007, articlesbase.com/re-appropriating articles/the-significance of-designation 215012.html 2. National Collegiate 4-H, Delegation, collegiate4h.org/clubdevelopment/delegation.asp Research Papers on Delegation for ManagersThe Project Managment Office SystemBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceStandardized TestingIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalOpen Architechture a white paperResearch Process Part OneEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married Males Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-88430461330350506952020-08-11T17:53:00.001-07:002020-08-11T17:53:04.015-07:00Management And Leadership ExampleManagement And Leadership Example Management And Leadership â" Essay Example > IntroductionA review of âleadershipâ and âmanagementâ literature reveals the two concepts are different yet still overlap. Two different views explain the overlap. Robbins et al (1998) provides the first view, which perceives leadership to be a superior form of management. In which case, leadership is essentially management that has been effectively executed. Hanold (2014) also provides the second perspective, which originates from the standpoint that management entails what persists within an organization. To this end, leadership and management overlap, as leadership is in essence a vital management skill. Therefore, the reasoning that management contains some principles of leadership is sensible because of the overlap. Still, it could as well be reasoned that making a distinction between the two terms is crucial; otherwise, organizations would be set for failure. One reason for this is demonstrated by Hanold (2014) in his argument that failure to differentiate them leads to a situation where management potential denigrates while leadership is exalted. Hanold (2014) also argues that confusing the two terms leads individuals to perceive leadership as capable of remedying all forms of dilemmas in organizations. This is perilous, as leadership and management all play fundamental roles in an organisation. It is based on this reasoning that this paper describes the difference between leadership and management before commenting on the manner in which leadership and management is practised at a given school. It further examines three leadership types: ethical leadership, strategic leadership and transformational leadership. 1. (a) The difference between leadership and managementFirst, a manager is an action character while a leader is a visionary. In Lopezâs (2014) view, the difference between management and leadership is inherent in the roles of a manager and a leader. While a manager is an action character, a leader is a visionary. Nayar (2013) descr ibed the roles of a manager as intrinsically possessing stereotypically decision-making roles, and indicating a definite form of status. Hanold (2014) agrees with such an observation and posits that a manager does the decisional roles, including allocating resources and tackling disturbances. At this juncture, the implication of status, or hierarchy, denotes that unlike leaders, managers do have subordinates, who have to work under them to set things right within an organizational setting. In which case, their power and authority over others is in terms of a formal authority (Robbins et al. , 1998). From this perspective, it becomes clear that managers have a transactional and authoritarian role. In a current school scenario, the dean of the faculty is a manager, as he has a formal authority vested in him by the university, while his subordinates comprise the lecturers and other members of the faculty staff, who work for the dean and largely follow directions given or preferred by the dean. His management style is also transactional, in a sense that he directs the lecturers and other members of the faculty staff on what to do, while they in turn do this as they have been promised a reward, including a salary. Second, management is concerned with ensuring the survival of an organization while leadership is concerned with people development. Hanold (2014) views the difference between management and leadership in term of ethics. He asserted that leaders tend to be more vital than managers due to their ethical behaviour. He argues that management lacks definite moral or ethical dimension, while merely seeking to serve the interests of certain groups, such as the shareholders. What this shows is that managementâs chief concern is organisational survival. Therefore, when ethics is removed from the concept of leadership, then management would be left. Essentially, much of the literature surveyed appeared to focus on a single aspect of managerial work that is con cerned with action. They attempted to define management as intended to do things in the right way, plan and budget, control, solve problems, and generate results that can satisfy stakeholders. Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-34225694881390724302020-05-23T19:29:00.001-07:002020-05-23T19:29:04.492-07:00Don t Make Any Sound - 701 Words I wake up from what felt like an endless night. I was tired, and could not keep my eyes open. All I wanted to do was sleep. I feel that my head is immediately throbbing so I put my hand on it, thinking that it would stop the pain. It did not. I started to cry and wail because this pain was too much to endure when suddenly, someone put their hand over my mouth to stop me from crying. It was Tony. My eyes were still blurry from the tears, but I was able to tell who it was. Tony, the friend that I had ever since I was young. And he is still here in the greatest of all circumstances. ââ¬Å"You got hit. Donââ¬â¢t make any sound,â⬠Tony said to me. I looked around not knowing where I was. There was grass under my feet, and the sun above us was very hot. ââ¬Å"Where are we?â⬠I asked with every word coming out of my mouth hesitantly. Tony replied, ââ¬Å"We donââ¬â¢t know. In the bush. They were going to kill you. That soldier, the one with the scarred face, heââ¬â¢s mean. They call him Lizard.â⬠The first thing that I thought of right when Tony said it was that they were going to kill me. What had I done wrong that was deserving of this? These people are the ones that are deserving of a punishment, not me. All I did was go to school and now I ended up here. Why am I the one that has to get punished for this? ââ¬Å"The commander asked who you were. I told him your name. That soldier Lizard made us carry you all night.â⬠Paul said. ââ¬Å"I donââ¬â¢t understand what is going on. How did we end up here?â⬠ââ¬Å"Lizard ââ¬â Heââ¬â¢s got it outShow MoreRelatedThe Lighting Of Electrical Systems And Electronics915 Words à |à 4 Pagesif they don t do it properly Little problems are the lights could be out of sync with the music. Another one could be that the engineer might of not set up the equipment correctly so when it come to the gig the whole thing might not work. Big problems could be the engineer not securing the lights on the celling properly so the whole rigging could fall down. For live sets they would need PPE personal protective equipment. This would include harnesses, hard hats and hi viz jackets. Sound engineersRead MoreHomework, By Jane Yolen1082 Words à |à 5 PagesIntroduction: The poem I analysed is called Homework by Jane Yolen which has the main theme of homework is unnecessary and try every excuse to get out of it. ââ¬Å"What is it about homework that makes me pick up socks...Cause nights when i ve got homework i ve got to much to do.â⬠This poem is classified as a ballad because it has the components like the a,b,c,b rhyming pattern. Other components are that it has five quatrains and it has the first and third lines be iambic tetrameter which is involvingRead MorePersonal Statement On Life And Life967 Words à |à 4 Pagesan especial needs child. It is really hard to take care of his needs. My wife doesn t work, I work full time and when I come home, I have to help my wife because she is tired. Okay We were a happy family before my last one. Now, I even don t have time and energy to spend with my other kids. I am not myself anymore. I am not interested to do any of my hubbies. Okay I cannot focus on my job. Some days I don t feel hungry at all, I lost some weight. I feel that my body need rest, but I cannot sleepRead MoreCell Phones Should Not Be Banned904 Words à |à 4 Pagesseeing a smart phone. Technology is everywhere we can t escape it even if we tried. We have advanced so far that we often forget that technology in certain places can be counterproductive especially in schools. The cell phones shouldn t be used during school days because it can lead to cheating, texting it makes sounds, and is distracting all this put together makes for an unneeded school accessory. First reason why the cell phones shouldn t be in school it leads to cheating. Cell phones are filledRead MoreWhat Services And Products Does Your Company Offer?1145 Words à |à 5 Pageslove it! or I don t think so. If you want to avoid saving revision 25, we here at Marigold, have compiled this listà to keep at hand when you need to prepare a design brief and avoid wasting hours on a design project. This will be pretty useful until the mind reading device is born. ââ¬â¹Ã¢â¬â¹ About the Company Question 1: What services / products does your company offer? This is really important!à You can t sell something if you don t know what it is andà you definitely can t design a logo thatRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury985 Words à |à 4 PagesHound which eliminates any threats to the government. There are many in the society, such as Guy Montag, who want to be rid of the fireman, the parlor TVs, and the Mechanical Hound in order for society to enjoy literary works without the fear of being persecuted or killed. Faber, Montag s mentor, feels that even if society has the opportunity to read books they will never truly enjoy it due to three reasons- people don t have decent quality material to read, they don t have the leisure to digestRead MoreEssay : I See My Love Reflected In My Home1482 Words à |à 6 Pagespurring and poking. I gave up and climbed out of bed. I trudged into the bathroom to drain my 80-year-old bladder. Just another day in paradise I said to my empty house. I find the cold Nebraska winters depressing. And wonder once again why I don t move to someplace warmer. Of course I know the answer, the cost of living is cheaper then in a place where people actually want to live. I get up and head for the kitchen telling my body the lie that the pain will lessen after I move around awhileRead MoreDog Food Choices. By Lori Kniff| Submitted On October 15,1017 Words à |à 5 Pagesand take it home. I have found that I have read the advertising on the label like nutritious , top quality , high protein , high energy , or any other leading slogan, and those slogans catch my eye. I feel that I am purchasing something good for my dog, and I don t take the time to read the ingredients because the slogans wouldn t lie. I feel I am an educated shopper because I have seen the ads in magazines or on TV. Most of the time, however, these supermarket specials are not theRead MoreWhat You Want Your Blog843 Words à |à 4 Pagesarticle on Linkedin Share this article on StumbleUpon Share this article on Delicious Share this article on Digg Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest Expert Author Lee Anne Dobbins So, you want to create your own online space but don t know how to start blogging? With all the scripts and technology today, it s easier than you think! Here are 7 steps to starting a blog that will get you going: 1. Decide What You Want Your Blog To Be About The first thing you need to decide isRead MoreI Am A Better King Than I Essay1597 Words à |à 7 Pagescouldn t make out the details of the boys conversation. Or, that s what the brothers thought. I m ready to abdicate my rights to the throne, Amr, mumbled Llacheu from beneath his helmet. I don t think I want it. Besides, you re smarter than I am. Amr blocked his older brother s fierce blow. Oh, just great! You re going to toss me on the throne when the time comes, are you? I may be better with languages and art, but I m not half as good with the sword and fighting. You ll make a better Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-92152264346085480652020-05-06T12:43:00.001-07:002020-05-06T12:43:25.123-07:00Mental state Free Essays 1. Why is a defendantââ¬â¢s mental state at the time of the offense (MSO) important from a legal standpoint? From a legal standpoint, the relevance of the mental state of the defendant is important because it determines whether or not the act was done with any capability, aptitude, or ability.à These factors are relevant because they determine if the defendant acted with consciousness in the commission of the offense. We will write a custom essay sample on Mental state or any similar topic only for you Order Now à The commission of an offense without any knowledge of the gravity of the situation or under a state of insanity is an exempting circumstance that exonerates the defendant from any criminal liability. The mental state is also important during the custodial investigation wherein the defendant is read his Miranda Rights.à This is particularly important because the law provides that the accused has the right to know of the nature of the charges against him and the possible consequences of any answer which he may give during such questioning.à A mentally incapable or incompetent person will be unable to comprehend these matters and therefore it is important to determine his capacity. Another perspective is that the mental state of the defendant also determines his competency to stand trial (CST), Competency to refuse an insanity defense, Competency to confess, Competency to waive rights to silence, Competency to dismiss counsel, Competency to serve a sentence, and Competency to be executed.à Under the Constitutional requirement of due process, the defendant has a right to know the charges against him and also to cross examine any witnesses that will be presented as well as the right to defend himself in court.à Without a determination of the competency of the defendant, such rights of the defendant may be violated which is against the Constitutional guarantee of due process. 2. What is the role of a forensic psychologist in such cases? The role of a forensic psychologist in such cases is to determine the mental competency of the defendant.à The in-depth knowledge of human cognitive and emotional functioning that the forensic psychologist possesses enables him to arrive at a conclusion on whether or not the defendant is competent to stand trial.à The forensic psychologist can also conduct and insanity examination to determine whether or not the act was done with criminal intent (mens rea) by the defendant. The different forensic assessment instruments that the forensic psychologist utilizes in order to determine the competency of the defendant are the following, Competency Screening Test (CST), Competency Assessment Instrument (CAI), Interdisciplinary Fitness Interview (IFI) and the MacArthur Structured Assessment of the Competencies of Criminal Defendants (MacSAC-CD). 3. What mistakes might a forensic psychologist make when conducting this type of evaluation? The most common error that a forensic psychologist might make during these types of evaluations involves the area of predicting the human behavior of the defendant.à While the different tests and evaluations that the forensic psychologists use may be relatively accurate in determining the competency of the defendant to stand trial and at the commission of the offense, the difficulty lies in determining how long the incompetency will last and whether or not the defendant is liable to commit future crimes in case the defendant is released or exonerated. At the present there is no way of determining whether or not the defendant may commit future crimes.à It must also be remembered that the forensic psychologist conducting the examination must also be well versed with the pertinent provisions of law applicable to the case. References: Adler, J. R. (Ed.). (2004). Forensic Psychology: Concepts, debates and practice. Cullompton: Willan. Ribner, N.G.(2002). California School of Professional Psychology Handbook of Juvenile Forensic Psychology. Jossey-Bass. ISBN 0-7879-5948-0 How to cite Mental state, Essay examples Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-70366305386380853872020-05-03T01:21:00.001-07:002020-05-03T01:21:02.836-07:00Catcher In The Rye Essay Example For Students Catcher In The Rye Essay Although The Catcher in the Rye caused considerable controversy when it was first published in 1951, the bookthe account of three disoriented days in the life of a troubled sixteen-year-old boywas an instant hit. Within two weeks after its release, it was listed number one on The New York Times best-seller list, and it stayed there for thirty weeks. It remained immensely popular for many years, especially among teenagers and young adults, largely because of its fresh, brash style and anti-establishment attitudestypical attributes of many people emerging from the physical and psychological turmoil of adolescence. It also was the bane of many parents, who objected to the main characters obscene language, erratic behavior, and antisocial attitudes. Responding to the irate protests, numerous school and public libraries and bookstores removed the book from their shelves. Holden simply was not a good role model for the youth of the 1950s, in the view of many conservative adults. Holden portrayed others to be inferior to his own kind all throughoutthe book. He made several references as to how people arent as perfect ashe was. The reason he Stradlater fixed himself up to look good wasbecause he was madly in love with himself. (pg. 27) Holden had aninferiority complex. He was afraid of not having any special talents orabilities and used other methods to make him out to be a rough tough boy. Boy, I sat at that goddam bar till around one oclock or so, getting drunkas a bastard. I could hardly see straight. (pg. 150) Holden tried all hecould to fit in. He drank, cursed and criticized life in general to make itseem he was very knowing of these habits. I myself have found me doing thisat times, also. I, at times, feel the need to fit in to a group and dothings similar to what others do in order to gain acceptance by them. Ismoked a cigar once with two friends of mine because they kept going on andon about how great cigars were, but that was only once. Holden and I bothplace people on levels other than our own for amount of knowledge andlikeness to ourselves. Holden used the term phonies to describe more than a few people inthis book. He used the term to be what a person is if they dont actnaturally and follow other peoples manners and grace. Holden didnt likephonies, he thought of them as if they were trying to show off. He didntlike it when they showed off because it seemed so fake and unnatural everytime they would do so. At the end of the first act we went out with allthe other jerks for a cigarette. What a deal thatwas. You never saw so many phonies in all your life,everybody smoking their ears off and talking aboutthe play so that everybody could hear how sharp theywere. (pg. 126)I know many people like this as well. I do not like phonies either. Ihave many friends who talk using full vocabulary just to try to impressyou, and others who make note of everything they see to show you howperceptible they are. People do this when they have a fear of their ownindividuality and feel that they need to ace different to get people tolike them. Holden and I both dislike phonies. We do not like people whotake on roles of others to seem more likeable because they are insecure. Throughout the book Holden displays a lack of motivation for manythings in which he should do. Holden couldnt even call up an oldgirlfriend whom he knew a long time ago. But when I got inside this phone booth, Iwasnt much in the mood any more to give oldJane a buzz. (Pg. 150)Holden also had a problem getting his motivation together in order tocomplete schoolwork and succeed in his prep school. I have similar problemswith my motivation and find at times I must be in the mood to do somethingin order for me to accomplish it. This stems from our experience in thepast being that we can get through life, or the part weve been throughalready, with minimal effort. Holden has had this opportunity to noticethis as his parents have been shuffling him around to different schoolsevery time he flunks. He feels his parents will be there to move himsomewhere else and take care of him every time something goes wrong. Ifound out in eighth grade that the schoolwork I had was far less than theschoolwork I did and I began to slack off, this caused me Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-48630674632115351642020-03-24T23:28:00.001-07:002020-03-24T23:28:02.642-07:00One flew over the cukoos nest Essay ExampleOne flew over the cukoos nest Paper McCarthy represents freedom in a society controlled by fear and repression. Discuss Ken Keys allegorical novel One flew over the kickoffs nest depicts society as a repressive combine, molding citizens to assimilate them into society. The institution can be seen as a microcosm of the outside world; the Nurse depicted as a fascist leader and the patients as the members who are controlled by her tyrannical rule. The effects of her manipulative therapy sessions and fearsome tactics cause the patients to live sexually repressed and emasculated. McCarthy who is loud, jubilant and expressive is a great contrast to the other patients who are in a constant anxiety. Whilst McCarthy represents Freedom, he also represents society attitudes to freewill and Independence. Keyes conveys his views on the repressive nature of society through the ward and characters. Throughout the novel, the narrator, Chief Broaden, references society as the Combine, juxtaposing both the ward the outside world as a big machine- mass producing the ideal American citizen that will fit society mould. The ward, a microcosm of society, is a place for the faulty parts and misfits of the combine to be treated, Its for fixing up mistakes made In the neighborhoods. Keyes questions the sanity of the patients and the collects label of Insanity. The majority of the patients are self-admitted and do not seem to be extremely Insane, It Is rather that they have not found a place In society and that their community has been unable to accept their minor differences, conveying the rigidity and lack of acceptance and freedom amongst people. We will write a custom essay sample on One flew over the cukoos nest specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on One flew over the cukoos nest specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on One flew over the cukoos nest specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The says and asss were mimes of change. With the civil rights movement and other social movements people were broadening the idea of who could be accepted into mainstream society. Alongside this the red scare of the Cold war caused people to look upon each other with suspicion, behavior out of the norm was almost intimidating. Chief describes the combine as a huge organization that aims to adjust the Outside as well as she has the Inside The Issue Is not the patients mental health but the conformity in society and the ostracism towards those that did not conform. Hence the patients eve been admitted Into the ward In the hope that they may be adjusted so they can return to the Big world outside that you will be one day taking your place In again. Keyes views the patients treatment as corruptive and as a disease that will overpower freedom and individuality. The strong imagery of Maxwell Table, one of the Nurses success depicts him as a machine, installed lend nimble skills to his fingers, that slowly adjusts them[society] as he was adjusted. Society is conveyed as controlling and manipulative towards its citizens. Keyes explores sanity arbitrary nature and its effects. Those that do not conform to mainstream society are labeled and treated in order to suit the Combines agenda. Nurse Ratchet represents the Combines tyrannical authority over the world. Her domineering and manipulative behavior cause the patients to be sexually repressed and inhibited. Nurse Ratchets Is Introduced as smooth calculated and precision made, as a product of the combine who has been programmed to convert the patients Into the Ideal citizen. From the first Impression of the nurse she has been portrayed In a negative light. Constantly described as the Big Nurse this alludes to Chiefs strong. The strong imagery associated with the metaphor of the Nurse as a tractor paints a violent picture, Shes swelling up, swells till her backs splitting She blows up bigger and bigger, big as a tractor, so big I can smell the machinery inside. It is evident that Nurse Ratchet is not the orthodox women of her time. Unlike most women of her time she works and holds a position high in responsibility and power. Whilst the women worked during the second world war to sustain the economy while he men were away, their return meant that there were no longer any Jobs for women and that they had to return to their household duties. Regardless of this Nurse Ratchet works and even with the presence of other male leaders such as Doctor Spices, the Nurse holds the utmost authority although she uses it to oppress . The Chief recounts the number of ideal staff that have been on the ward and how the Nurse is able to emasculate them all, since I started on the ward with that woman I feel like my veins are running ammonia. Y kids wont sit on my lap, my wife wont leap with me. When McCarthy realizes her power over the mens ego and masculinity he describes her as a ball cutter, her domineering qualities cause her to castrate the men and repress them sexually. The key force of repression and within the ward is Nurse Ratchets tyrannical hold over the ward. Unlike the other patients in the ward McCarthy is ope nly sexual and does not conform to the wards rules, however his actions soon lead him to strife. McCarthy is confident, loud and open. He is blatantly different to the other patients. From his arrival into the ward he behaves differently to the other patients. He laughs loudly, unlike the other patients who snicker behind their fists out of fear. The entire ward seems to be taken aback by this, all is stunned dumb by his laughing. Through this initial gesture it is clear that McCarthy will be resistant toward the wards authority. As McCarthy realizes the Nurses position in the ward there is a power struggle between the two. The nurse aims to adjust McCarthy whereas he is determined to resist the rule and changes. Naively McCarthy bets to annoy the Nurse, without releasing the power she has over him. McCarthy first sign of protest is when he cant watch the world series on the television, regardless the turns on the TV and watches the blank screen. Through a series of acts out of rebellion McCarthy continues to enrage the nurse. When McCarthy has electroshock therapy he continues to resist the authorities and will not admit that he is at fault. As a consequence his electroshock therapy continues. After the party at the ward, the Nurse finally overcomes McCarthy. His continual rebellion and revolt against the Nurse leads to his Lobotomy. Whilst McCarthy represents freedom, his resistance to conform to the ward leads to severe consequences. Keyes explores the repressive and exploitive nature of society through the microcosm of the ward. Nurse Ratchets fascist hold on the ward suppresses the men on the ward. Her therapeutic techniques emasculate and castrate the men. Whilst McCarthy represents freedom in this oppressed environment his excessive resistance to conformity leads to his plight. Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-5352601532189454382020-03-06T10:33:00.001-08:002020-03-06T10:33:03.457-08:00Employee Motivation From Performance Measurement And Compensation System Management Essay Essay ExampleEmployee Motivation From Performance Measurement And Compensation System Management Essay Essay Example Employee Motivation From Performance Measurement And Compensation System Management Essay Essay Employee Motivation From Performance Measurement And Compensation System Management Essay Essay Employees are an indispensable portion of any organisation, and they should be ever motivated in order to acquire the best consequences out of them. In the article research was conducted of 18months among 272 employees which proved that positive emotion on occupation leads to work accomplishment, occupation enrichment along with higher quality of societal context which comes from more support from supervisors and coworkers. Although the research did non turn out that positive attitude of employees lead to occupation enrichment. The article tells that elements of research have changed in past few old ages. Rather than measuring employee response towards assorted facets of work function, accent has shifted towards how societal context form attitude. This has led to wider array of constructs such as positive and negative consequence. Previously occupation satisfaction was being used to mensurate absenteeism, turnover and public presentation now emotion influence wider organisational res ults along with employee s personal result. The writer proposes that employees who feel and are exposing positive emotion on their occupation will finally see positive results in their work functions. On occupation satisfaction a batch of research has been carried on but non adequate clip has been dedicated to positive emotions. The research besides propose that alternatively of utilizing wide constructs like occupation engagement as organisational designation, it is more utile to mensurate specific emotions that employees observe or experience at work like joy, pride exhilaration. Stearns and Stearns ( 1986 ) Hagiographas showed that control of choler and experience may convey direct effects on work results. ( BARRY M.STAW, 1994 ) Employee s motive farther comes from public presentation measuring and compensation system. The article negotiations about the employee motive after taking assorted trials to turn out that how effectual it is to give compensations. Survey consequences demonstrated a positive relationship between compensation system and extrinsic motive, where as intrinsic motive is effected by publicity chances. Further the compensation system besides affect other indexs of motive like work satisfaction and turnover purpose. In many schools of idea associating to both psychological economic literature have made incentive compensation the nucleus portion of survey. From the hunt carried out there was no mark of grounds that is negative in relationship among pecuniary compensation and intrinsic motive. Though, intrinsic motive is influenced by occupation related issues like occupation enrichment. Whereas, the promotional chances are proven to help in increasing the chance of agreeable future undertakings. The feeling of being suitably treated by a company will take to just behaviour in return. Employees will set about undertaking because they feel obliged to return the sort intervention they have received, instead than the possibility of possible danger of this behaviour on future degrees of compensation. Company believes that directors have tool to separate among assorted variables that build compensation system. It is besides said that extrinsic motive can be reached by bettering the basicss of both pecu niary compensation system and promotional chances. Promotions have been shown to hold positive relationship with motive. This is the ground why it is said to be an of import managerial tool, for addition in the degree of motive. If any company manage good perceived compensation system besides has good consequence on major indexs of motive like work satisfaction and turnover. Therefore we can reason by stating that compensation system can be of great importance for directors to increase motive and single public presentation. Wage construction features and their consequent inducement besides effects through empirical observation. In conformity to employee study and forces records, grounds was provided in which rewards are attached to occupations and publicities play a cardinal function as pay determiner. ( Macro Van Harpen, 2003 ) In the article peculiar company was analyzed on history of their pay construction and the incentive effects of publicities. It was seen that rewards are attached to occupations and non to employees. About 25 % of life-time pay alterations are a direct or an indirect consequence of publicities. As we move on we happen to see that incentive consequence of wagess can be used to maneuver on internal labour markets can besides hold managerial impact. Previously, we said that incentive compensation is related to extrinsic motive, but in this article it showed that it along with extrinsic motive is besides related to intrinsic motive. One or two old ages after publicity, employees will be holding a comparatively high degree of intrinsic motive, which will finally decrease over clip. On the other manus inducements can bee seen as an option for publicities, as publicity are related to extrinsic motive. Findingss indicated in the article that strong actuating potency of publicities, both per s e and extrinsically. Restrictions are besides mentioned in respect to these findings, which are that the beginning of information which has been provided was given by the company and secondly that the outlook of publicity is measured subjectively merely. And in conclusion, motive is said to be caused by sensed outlooks of publicities despite whether this outlooks falls right or non. ( Kees Cools, 2004 ) In another article research from entrepreneurship, occupational pick, and employee engagement literature was seen to explicate what ere the factors that encouraged engagement in new corporate ventures. What is found was employee s basic determination to take part in any corporate venture is depended on the expected public-service corporation of the undertaking s incentive bundle. The consequences that were shown declared venture features, forces motive, and interactions effects should all be considered in planing any corporate ventures. Deductions in regard to this are related to the director, who should depend on the beginning of motive, different incentive bundle elements need to be emphasized. As for those employees who are said to hold extrinsic motive net income sharing is a factor that will give in strong positive impact. Whereas, employees with lower intrinsic motive, greater occupation hazard has a stronger negative impact. These two tradeoffs are necessary for directors to m aintain in head when sing optimum profit-sharing fillip packager for new venture. ( Todd Saxton, 2009 ) Another point under this subject through empirical observation examines the determiners and public presentation effects of centrality prejudice and lenience prejudice. Consequences in this peculiar article showed that directors respond to their ain inducements and penchants when measuring public presentation. When it comes to strong employee-manager relationship it positively affect centrality prejudice and lenience prejudice. Evidence shows that public presentation rating prejudices affects are non merely on current public presentation, but besides on the hereafter employee inducements. Manager s public presentation rating prejudices are non needfully linked to compensation undertaking. Although, centrality prejudice negatively is set uping the public presentation betterment whereas the grounds says nil clearly sing the lenience prejudice and public presentation. Relatively, the lenience prejudice is positively associated with future public presentation, which is reliable on behavio ural statement that prejudice can better looking equality and in bend employee motive. Inaccuracy of evaluation that is caused by directors rating prejudices is perceived to be one of the chief jobs which introduced subjectiveness into any compensation contract. However empirical surveies analyzing the effects of colored public presentation evaluations are non great in figure. Companies are more interested in the effectivity of performance-based compensation contracts in able to increase employees future public presentation, but non in the truth of public presentation evaluation. To look into how other concerns in combination to biased evaluation, act upon the effectivity of the wages of compensation that will lend vastly. ( Jasmijn.C.Bol, 2010 ) Herzberg is known as the male parent of occupation enrichment for employee s motive. He claimed that occupation satisfaction which is one nucleus portion in employee motive is non the antonym of occupation dissatisfaction. Alternatively the opposite if there is any of occupation satisfaction is no occupation satisfaction at all. If an employee is said to be good satisfied with his occupation he will finally be keener and hence more motivated towards his occupation. Therefore all the organisations should give thorough survey in conformity to do occupations more pulling to employees. And to keep employee motive is non hard, if you are traveling to maintain yourself into employees place intending you have to look at their demands in the same mode as directors consider their ain. ( Ed Zimmer, 1998 ) The manner CEO performs or his leading manner if frequently debated, since they are known to hold multiple degree of effects on all his employees. CEO have an upper direction through which they implement both direct and indirect effects. Since the CEO is a the individual with the vision who will be responsible for all the determinations taken by the house. This article talks about how two types of CEO work and how effectual their determinations are towards his/employees. These two types of CEO are 1s who own the company and other is professional CEO. The intent is to happen which leading manner has an immediate consequence toward the employees or subsidiaries of a company. ( Nancy Papalexandris, 2009 ) Work motive still lacks in many countries and hence, in order to hold a clear image one needs to analyze from new position. One can distinguish among witting and subconscious motive as that will assist in placing the demands of workers. Second, to hold survey of different types of relationships that is between general and specific motive. Third, acknowledge the function of human actions when explicating theories. If these factors are taken attention of work motive can accomplish new way. It is by all agencies besides necessary to analyze clip position, as to how employees and directors incorporate short term versus long term outcomes. This issue is of import at both organisational and single degree. Short tally is decidedly of import for the house to last otherwise there is no long term at all, but the focal point should non wholly be upon today one demand to see hereafter as good and in making so should see one s occupation accomplishments. How the organisation leaders prioritize en ds and values is non easy, as to accomplish one end they have to prorogue the other end. Employees should ever be updated of company s determination, in order to accomplish best results. ( Edwin A. Locke, 2004 ) The term motive is non ever clearly defined, at times it may mention as occupation satisfaction and other times as motive to execute, and satisfaction against pick, attempt and continuity are non similar phenomenon. Since they might non ever have same causes or effects, or at times may non impact one another. The prostration to specify footings in a clear and yet valid manner stifle cognitive lucidity hence, development in the field of work motive. There is no bound as to the geographic expedition of new thoughts in motive of workers and the more the directors or organisation is able to place the more likely they are in accomplishing their ends. Surveies besides prove that low rewards is non the factor for employees to experience sorry for, and a higher wage will convey them in high liquors. Job factors increase motive but in its absence it will non take to occupation dissatisfaction. Job factors besides known as satisfiers may include accomplishment, acknowledgment, and growing. On the contrary, hygiene factors are those that aid in cut downing dissatisfaction among employees, these factors include supervising, working conditions and security of occupation. So organisation should seek to intermix both of these factors at their best in order to accomplish the ends efficaciously. Further, employees should be rewarded harmonizing to employee s part in carry throughing their needed undertakings. There are frequently issues in this wages system as employee might see him or herself eligible to accomplishing wages, but the director is non ready to honor, at such state of affairss the employee might acquire de-motivated towards work and frequently his negative emotions arise as against his or her occupation. As motive is said to depend on how much employee wants something and how much they think that they will acquire. Further employees are by and large motivated to accomplish those ends which they have set together with their directors, as in leting them to take part will do them more energetic in able to accomplish those ends and this will do them experience of import for the organisation. Problems frequently arise at a point where cognition or information demands to be transferred among squads. Organizations can enable assorted sorts of motive and to hold assortment in the capacity to bring forth and reassign silent cognition. Since the cognition coevals and transportation are indispensable tool for organisation s competitory advantage. Intrinsic motive in indispensable for houses as discussed before every bit good, it has great many advantages in those countries where monetary value and markets play their function. The cognition transportation can non be straight linked to any one person. Directors can detect the cognition coevals and the transportation in footings of the end product that is generated, whereas explicit cognition is tradable. Directors are able to detect that how good employees with single cognition have performed and thereby they can honor employees consequently. Organizations that stress engagement and personal relationship as overlapping squads are needed. Finally houses are better able to pull off motive instead than markets. ( Bruno S.FREY, 2000 ) Executives are known as the back bone of any organisations, as they are the 1s who manage concern, take determination, and are likely the 1s who tend to better the place of their organisation. So, they should be given interest in the company in order to execute at their best towards those peculiar tasks/actions which they believe will smooth net incomes. The survey that was conducted in an organisation showed that executives should be given portion of the net income which company probably earns. This claim is uncontested, because most executives are known to be risk averse when it comes to portions of house which they manage. Further, the direction tends to portion net incomes with their employees in order to minimise losingss which arise due to negligence at work. When of all time there is higher managerial ownership we will see that more hazard is passed to employees, who will so be more careful and motivated during their occupation as they will see themselves as an of import porti on of the organisation. When direction is said to have the house, variableness in option compensation is greater. Naturally when employees do nt hold hazard involved in the house, intending that when they are to have their fixed wage they are non risk averse, whereas if they are given ownership in that context they will be more careful and more involved in the house. ( Ye Cai, 2010 ) Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-1992754037682403072020-02-19T01:59:00.001-08:002020-02-19T01:59:02.735-08:00Revise essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsRevise - Essay Example This bothered me sometimes until the bigger picture, their future became clearer. Raising children off the reservation can be both beneficial and constructive depending on the situations. In the beginning, I questioned myself why I was doing this? Was it to rebel from a community that I did not feel connected to or was I thinking about the importance of my kids life? Keeping them off the reservation was not endangering them or making them culturally insensitive. I found it to be protective and looking at the well being of their future. Many would disagree with me and say I was selfish because one should be respectful of his or her culture. Calling my children names, frowning at them and not being allowed to participate in certain activities they wanted were some of the problems my children faced for not being fully involved within their tribe. I thought this was not crippling their opportunities, but allowing them to see what else was out in the world and not in the reservation. Most Native Americans find it oaky not to be educated; and instead opt to work for their Tribal Casino and Resort. This was not going to be the situation for my children. During my kids youth was apparently the time when Native American education was not taken seriously. At this point, the damage on the youth revolved around things such as addictions, lack of world experiences, good healthcare, and crime. Originally, we had opted to raise our kids in the reservation because it was convenient for them to attend tribal schools where it was inexpensive and sometimes had free childcare. The older the children got, it became obvious their education had to be a priority in our lives; thus, we decided to move. With graduation rates at an all-time low and test scores getting lower, it was evident this was the best move my children. I wanted my children to have the opportunity to learn and have new experiences. My kidsââ¬â¢ Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-79921500282641386762020-02-04T03:19:00.001-08:002020-02-04T03:19:02.519-08:00Press Releases & Networking - Pitching the Story Pitching the Story EssayPress Releases & Networking - Pitching the Story Pitching the Story - Essay Example Lastly, conclusions are drawn regarding the effectiveness of design and appeal of pitch letter and the impact it was able to make on public image of the company. Introduction Every business acknowledges the fact that marketing, building public relations and gaining spotlight on media is pivotal for success of its operations. For this purpose, management of all incorporations are engaged in the practice of pitching stories to journalists and media persons, seeking to be heard and talked about on media without spending of excessive costs. In a research, practitioners were found to be involved in writing seven pitch letters per month on an average (Napoli et al. 370). This practice is traditional, being followed since decades and shall always play an essential role for marketing of businesses (Rubel, n. p.). However, the only thing that has changed is the mode of communication and types of media broadcasting them. It began from paper media, turned to electronic and digital media and is currently resting on the internet resources: conventional media has lost its dominance (Waters et al. 242). Considering these factors, a pitch letter has been drafted and its planning and follow-up procedures have been discussed in the subsequent sections. Part 1: Pre-Pitch The company represents a restaurant, part of a large food chain, that serves its local customers with various cuisines for lunch and dinner meals while regular breakfast and fast food items for catering younger tastes. The customers targeted mainly are those living in nearby vicinity. Mostly, the customers it aims at range between age groups of 18 to 50 years. Fast food items are available to entertain younger customers who frequently hang out with their friends while unique cuisines are offered for enthusiasts and food lovers of mature ages. Other customers include one-off walk-in families or gatherings on weekend dine off meals. Rarely, this outlet might be able to cater tourists and foreigners by offering uniq ue traditional meals that might interest them. Media outlets vary in forms and need to be selected very carefully as each generate a different impact on audience. In todayââ¬â¢s technology savvy era, internet media, online bloggers and social media networks have sabotaged the significance of paper media. The remaining market share is captured by digital media, including TV and radio. As a result, selecting paper press media as connector seems highly ineffective as only a minute proportion of audience relies on it. On the other hand, targeting digital media might be most difficult as it needs high quality relationships, expenditures and networking to be able to fall under its radar. Since target customers include significant proportion of teenagers and younger generations, it shall be essential to be heard on platforms where they focus their most of the attention: social networking portals and online blogs. Researchers have acknowledged the vitality of converting businesses into a form acceptable by social media (Anderson and Swenson n. p.). Moreover, many journalists are reported to have grabbed thousands of stories from social Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-51142983800240514952020-01-26T23:42:00.001-08:002020-01-26T23:42:06.716-08:00Realism In Saving Private Ryan Opening Scene Film Studies EssayRealism In Saving Private Ryan Opening Scene Film Studies Essay Analysis on the opening scene of saving Private Ryan, what methods does the director use to present war in a realistic way? In this essay will provide a detailed analysis on the methods implemented by the director Steven Spielberg, to present the opening battle sequence of Saving Private Ryan in a realistic manner. This film centres itself around D-Day of the Second World War. The battle sequence is illustrated to a great extent to show how shocking the previous World Wars were. The director uses several ways to demonstrate how the war was severely terrifying, and for this uses many cinematic techniques which add to the effect of presenting the opening battle scene to being more realistic. Principally the three main methods that were operated in the film include lighting, camera angles and Mise En Scene. In addition Saving Private Ryan, presents a realistic depiction of the lives and deaths of the allied forces during World War II, hence its documentary style for a film. Moreover the film has received great recognition along with some criticism, winning five Oscars in 1999. Spielberg desperately wanted the film to be realistic and unconventional to any other war movie, to a point where $12 million was spent primarily for the opening scene. The opening scene is set out in Omaha Beach which was one of the main entry points into German-occupied France in Normandy. Saving Private Ryan revolves around this assault where Captain John H. Miller and his men search for a paratrooper Private James Francis Ryan. Whose three brothers have already died in action, and he is the only surviving son missing in action. Spielberg implements a variety of different techniques throughout the opening scene, to add astonishment in order to engage the audience and present a first person perspective. He used such things as desaturated colour, which added to the dulled effect, which brought out the great tragedy and emotions in the film. By adding desaturation to the colour made the deaths seem more explicit, dark and deeply disturbing. In addition the portrayal of the old newsreels allowed the audience to feel as if they were really there witnessing the events that were taking place in the 1940s. The battle scenes are overly surrounded with blood. Stark enactments of deliberate mutilation and random dismemberment depict the too numerous lives that are horribly wasted. The sanctity of life is presented to the audience with lack of meaning; death is illustrated through out the opening scene as continuous and ordinary. The film questions the value of human life and what is valid to sacrifice for it. The openi ng battle scene is an excellent example of this.à Sound is a key factor utilized by Spielberg to add realism. Through out the opening battle scene sounds of gunfire fill the air as the soldiers make their way towards the beach. The soundtrack consists of loud noises, for example, gun fire and exploding bombs. This feature reinforces various points in the scene where dialogue is barely audible, this particular layout is deliberately done so by Spielberg to emphasise to the audience how in reality but in particular, war the difficulties present were. Moreover such small but vital details as these allow the audience to realise what it was truly like for the soldiers on the battle field. In this scene there is too a lot of confusion presented by the muting of sound, which is shown by the way that the soldiers react mainly because of shock and the fact that death cannot be escaped. This rich use of depriving sound adds to the anxiety and anticipation of the scene, including the creation of realistic chaos typical of intense military conf lict. Spielberg applies innovative ways of sound placement and sound deprivation to help reveal character and reinforce central ideas and themes. With the sound effects rising, such as the clanging of the bottle and the man being sick at the begging of the scene, makes the audience aware of the growing tension. Furthermore regarding sound, Captain Millers moment of confusion shows the idea of being shell-shocked. As a bomb loudly crashes into the beach near where Captain Miller is walking. This is greatly shown by the camera shaking to add more chaos and shows that there is more destruction in this scene. Spielberg purposefully used a shaker to vibrate the camera to approximate the impact of explosions. As Captain Miller is shocked, the cameras zoom into a close up of him in jerky slow motion. This creates the idea of helplessness. Many films use blank munitions for sound affects that mimic gunfire, but on the contrary Spielberg instead used weapons with live rounds. The realistic e ffects of the gunfire and the innovative placement of sounds create a rich cinematic experience, in order to present realism. Moreover Spielberg too applies the use of camera shots to present Saving Private Ryan in a realistic portrayal to the audience. Whats more effective about the scene is where the soldiers are still on the engine boat, immediately after the boat door opens, chaos suddenly enters the film. An unforeseen event occurs as German soldiers fire their guns at the only recently arrived Americans. At this part, Spielberg has the cameras set over the German soldiers shoulder with their identity concealed. Such actions from Spielberg illustrate to the audience that no matter what nations participate in the war, nothing good can come from conflict, in this case war. This long shot is also effective as it gives a clear view of their dominance and acts again humanity. As the soldiers are suddenly taken down one by one with the sound of the rushing bullets, the handheld cameras are immediately brought out. They follow the few remaining survivors into the sea. As the camera drifts above and below the water, chaos suddenly emerges as if the individuals present were drowning. This is too presented because the sound is muted as if it were the soldiers own lack of senses not working in his time of turbulence. Spielberg uses haphazard cameras to follow the soldiers into the battle. It has the audience directly feel as if theyre apart of the action because they can view and experience the battle themselves. This allows the audience to feel more involved in the whole experience as if theyre following the soldiers, and taking part in the war themselves. There are a series of long shots of the soldiers but soon changes to the point of view of the Germans once more. This is a great technique as other conventional films only demonstrate the battles being from one-side but using an over-the-shoulder shot for the point of view makes the Germans appear more powerful as they are looking down upon the soldiers and therefore have an advantage. In this scene we can also see that the most common e motion felt is confusion as many soldiers appear to be lost and traumatized because of the terror they witness. The second section of the opening scene was in instant chaos. As the camera turns away from the iron hedgehog and set to a close up of Captain Miller nerves, which is shown through his shaking hands. Also as the camera zooms away from the single image of Captain Miller, the director emphasises how significant his presence is in the war. When the men are shot down underwater there are various close up shots of the wounded, to try and encourage sympathy for the suffering war veterans went through for society as a whole. This is made realistic by Spielberg hiring actual amputees being casted into the film. In Saving Private Ryan the camera focuses on capturing key moments of torment.à The film consists of some men jump over the sides of the boat to avoid gun fire, only to be drowned by their own packs.à à The air is heavily filled with smoke and the sound of screams.à à Image after image of unforgettable carnage is displayed, and at one point, everything seems to slow down, and the sounds grow distant, as though time were standing still.à à Overall Spielberg has clearly made several attempts to illustrate the film Saving Private Ryan in a realistic manner, in which I believe he has succeeded. Moreover the soldiers were in authentic uniforms and weighted down with heavy guns and seen shaking in fear, praying, and throwing up.à Soldiers that survived that day to tell their story helped provide details about what they experienced. In conclusion I believe the opening battle sequence presented the audience with a realistic depiction of D-day, in which included the severe death that occurred through out the war. This depiction was portrayed and directed by Spielbergs spontaneous direction. Therefore providing an uncontrolled lay out to how the soldiers reacted, resulting in a better and realistic scene. The images shown were extremely shocking and brutal but showed the audience what fighting in war was really like and how several soldiers suffered and died. I believe that Steven Spielberg succeeded in putting realism in the film, because the film portrayed a real-life situation and in war, chaos would be inevitable. The film shows that soldiers were put in difficult situations and became confused and shocked because of what they had bear witness to.à I enjoyed the opening battle sequel of Saving Private Ryan because of its interpretation of the war, the reality of war and the in-depth emotions. Also because it was not a conventional war film and its representation of the horrific D-day. The effects used are outstanding and it shows that the little things make the big things happen like the desaturated colour used in the flashback as it looks like it is actually from 1944. Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-43559184345447067832020-01-18T20:04:00.001-08:002020-01-18T20:04:04.851-08:00A Report of AcerAcer India (Pvt) Ltd. [pic] An Internship Project Report on ââ¬Å"Study of Brand awareness of Acer in Bangalore, Chennai and Coimbatoreâ⬠JANANI SESHADRI In partial fulfillment of the Masterââ¬â¢s Program in Business Administration, Ohio University, Athens, USA OHIO University Christ College Academy for Management Education Christ College Campus Hosur Road, Bangalore-29 May14th, 2007 DECLARATION I Janani Seshadri here by declare that the project entitled ââ¬Å"Study on the awareness of the brand Acerâ⬠at Acer India Pvt. Ltd. , is an original and genuine work carried out under the guidance of Mr. Darryl Gray from march 12th to April 25th 2007 in partial fulfillment for the Ohio University Christ college academy for management education. I declare that the report submitted by me is a bonafide work of my own effort and it has not been submitted to other university or published any time before. Place: Bangalore Date: 03-07-2007 Janani Seshadri ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Thanks to God for showering his blessings and for granting me the chance and ability to successfully complete the summer internship program I had taken up. I wish to express my deepest gratitude to ACER INDIA Pvt. Ltd. , head office Bangalore for giving me this valuable opportunity in doing my internship amongst them in their esteemed organization. I would like to extend my special thanks and gratitude to Mr. Rajendran general manager marketing for giving me this opportunity. Also I would like to sincerely thank Mr. S. Raghu marketing projects and Mr. Darryl Gray marketing programmes for their genuine support, valuable advice and sincere comments which helped me a lot to accomplish this project. This internship would not be complete without the support and guidance of our Director Mr. Shivprakash. I also want to express my gratitude to the official referees and the project coordinators Dr. Amalendu Jyotishi and Mr. Girish (Ohio University Christ College) whose valuable comments and valid criticism helped me in refining my project from the draft stage to this final report. I also want to express my thanks to Prof. Venkatesh Bhagwat (Ohio University Christ College) for assisting me in the data compilation and analysis which helped me a lot in fine tuning my report. I cannot forget the assistance and encouragement that made this work possible towards the end. My special thanks to my co-student and dear friend Mr. B. Venkata Ramana who supported me throughout my Internship project with his valuable suggestions and ideas which helped me to approach my project wisely and accomplish it successfully without which I could have not completed my work efficiently and effectively. His consistent help kept me motivated throughout the internship period. Last but not the least, my endless thanks and gratitude goes to my parents Mr. S. N. Seshadri and Mrs. Sasikala Seshadri who has stood by my side, encouraged and given me moral support at all points of time. I would also like to thank my brother Mr. Koushik Ram for all his support and advice. Thank You! EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Marketing is an activity present in all companies where marketing strategies determine the outcome of the products and the company itself. To test to see if marketing is successful, it is necessary to measure where the company was and where it is now. This can be carried out with tracking studies monitoring the market position and changes to the brand image over time or, for particular campaigns, measuring pre- and post- event to see what has changed. This is project report is a market survey study to check the Brand awareness of Acer and thereby figure out the measures that can be implemented to lift the current level of awareness. This study is based on the data collected from the (customers) people regarding their awareness of the PC vendors in the market today then zeroing it into the brand Acer. The means of collecting data were through personal interviews, distributing the questionnaire, and online survey questionnaire. Also observation during the interviews helped a lot in the analysis. To facilitate the analysis of the study I concentrated in two different segments which were based on the demographic segmentation (occupation-Students, working profile and SME) and geographic segmentation (places-Coimbatore, Chennai and Bangalore). Acer stands number four behind Dell. The visibility and awareness for the brand Acer among people is average. About 20% of the people have not heard about Acer. Moreover on an average about 55% of the segmented people perceive Acer to be a national brand in collaboration with Wipro India (Wipro Acer). The perceptions on few product parameters were also measured which resulted in a good quality, fair or average service, and good affordable price, fair performance and good features. Though Acer has the highest network of retail outlets less number of people has actually visited them. Comparatively HP has more number of visits. Lenovo though being a new entrant in the market has already made its place. There is a tuff competition being faced by Acer with Lenovo. All these things finally zero into average awareness of the brand and the awareness which is already there is also through word of mouth, so this may lead to negative or positive propagation of the brand. The data (300 samples) was compiled in SPSS and analyzed with respect to the two categories of segments. Acer is number one in Europe and other countries globally. Considering the primary data available Acer India is one of the youngest players in India. It has performed very well in the recent years (2001 to 2006). In the past five years it faced a tremendous steady growth rate of about 49% in India. Therefore though the awareness amongst people was not all that good Acer still lies in the area where if prompt and good advertising strategies were formulated and implemented the awareness will lift to a great extent. TABLE OF CONTENTS ? PREFACE7 ? ABOUT THE COMPANY 1. Back ground ââ¬â Acer India8 2. Growing with time ââ¬â milestones9 3. Product portfolio and key features11 ? PROJECT ? RESEARCH DESIGN METHADOLOGY17 1. Research task17 2. Research tool17 3. Research nature17 4. Research scope17 5. Analysis19 6. Findings53 ? CONCLUSION63 ? SUGGESTIONS / RECOMMENDATIONS64 ? APPENDIX65 PREFACE THE BRAND increasingly is becoming the key source of differentiation that guides customer purchase choice. It is the focal point around which an organization defines how it will uniquely deliver the value to the customer for a profit-effectively embodying the ââ¬Å"heart and soulâ⬠of that organization. The brands promise is delivered through its products and services, and consumer communication- the total consumer relationship and experience. The act of creating public awareness of a specific brand in order to maximize its recognition, successful brand awareness strategies should define a company's uniqueness and set it apart from competitors. Quite simply, if potential customers do not know about a company, they will not purchase from it. Therefore, one of the preeminent goals of any business should be to build brand awareness, although in as cost-effective manner as possible. Consumers tend to make purchasing decisions based on peer recommendations and direct experience, as well as traditional advertising methods. This is why it is necessary to build brand awareness strategies out by instilling trust among consumers. This trust must be achieved through credibility, rather than just a catchy advertising campaign. Promotional marketing involving a one-to-one component is proving increasingly effective at building trust and acquiring new customers. Brand building begins with awareness. Consumers first must be aware that there are different brands for the product they want to buy even before making a purchase decision, for which visibility is very important to create awareness. BACKGROUND ââ¬â ACER INDIA Acer India was incorporated in September 9, 1999 as a wholly owned subsidiary of Acer Inc. , the worldââ¬â¢s No. 4 PC brand. Acerââ¬â¢s mission in India is to translate the groupââ¬â¢s goal in making computer technology easier to use and more affordable-to everyone in this country. In shot span, Acer has managed to bridge the gap between product launches worldwide and in India and also offer fresh technology without any inventory backlog. Headquartered in Bangalore, today Acer India has offices in twelve cities including Ahemedabed, Chandigarh, Chennai, Guwahati, Kochi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Nagpur,New Delhi, Pune, Secunderabed and has its uniload facility in Pondicherry. I has now a customer base of over 180,000 in India. There are over 125 human resource team in India comes with over 700 man-year of IT experience, geared to listen and provide to the IT user in India the very best in sales & marketing support, after-sales support backed up with infrastructure to bring fresh technology to India. GROWING WITH TIME The history of ACER starts from a long way back making its steps of success in every step it takes. 1976-1983 Commercializing microprocessor technology Acer is founded under the name Multitech Designs Taiwanââ¬â¢s first mass-produced compute for export. Becomes the first company to promote 16-bit PC products in Taiwan 1984-1994: Build brand awareness and globalize Acer Peripherals, now known as BenQ corp. , and Multiventure Investments Inc. established Acer beat IBM with 32 bit PCs Acer Inc. launches IPO Acer creates the worldââ¬â¢s first 3865x 33 chipset Acer introduces the worldââ¬â¢s first dual Intel Pentium PC Acre introduces Chip Up technology, the worldââ¬â¢s first 386-to-486 single chip CPU upgrade solution 1994-2004: Transform from manufacturing to services Acer introduces the worldââ¬â¢s first dual Intel Pentium PC Aspire Park, acerââ¬â¢s multifunctional high-tech intelligence park inaugurated Acer launches Aspire, the multimedia PC, creating a new bench marks for home computers Acer re-engineers its OEM unit to create Wiston Crop. , an independent design and IT manufacturing company Acer reveals a new generation of e-business: MegaMicro e-Enabling Services Acer notebook ranked first in Western Europe. 2004: Acer wins awards in all product categories AC 713 rated the best performance Monitors Altos G 520 Server gets Digit Best Buy Gold Award Veriton 7600 rated the Editors Choice TravelMate 292 LCi rated Best Performance Notebook KEY SUCCESES IN 2005/2006 2005 â⬠¢ Worldââ¬â¢s no. 4 total PC and notebook brand, with highest growth rates among the top five. â⬠¢ No. 3 for total PCs in EMEA. â⬠¢ No. 1 notebook in EMEA. â⬠¢ No. 1 notebook across 13 European countries: France, Italy, Spain, Netherlands, Sweden, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Portugal, Russia, Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland. â⬠¢ No. 3 notebook in Asia Pacific, with highest growth rate among top ten. â⬠¢ No. 1 notebook in Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia. â⬠¢ No. 1 for total PCs in Taiwan. â⬠¢ Enjoyed highest growth rates among the top-10 vendors for total PCs and notebooks in the U. S â⬠¢ No. LCD monitors worldwide. â⬠¢ No. 3 notebook worldwide 2006 â⬠¢ Worldââ¬â¢s no. 4 total PC and notebook brand, with highest growth rate. â⬠¢ No. 3 for total desktops WW â⬠¢ No. 1 notebook in Europe and ASEAN block PRODUCT SUITE Powered To Perform Few IT companies offer the breadth and depth of products tha t the Acer Group does. Acer is the only PC vendor in India that has a product for each market segment-be it a large corporates, the SME, SOHO or even the corner office enterprises. The product line includes a broad array of personal computing products segmented under the desktop, laptop and server categories. Acer India Pvt. Ltd. has a vast product portfolio. The four main product categories are as follows 1) Desktops 2) Notebooks There are many more sub- divided products under each different product variety. Those are as follows: DESKTOPS In the desktop segment, Acerââ¬â¢s product range spans the SOHO segment, corner office, manageable desktops, SMEs, STPI etc. this makes Acer the only PC Company that offers such a wide range. Most other companies have products that are not distinct, and overlap each of these segments. Acer Aspire Series Desktops built to cater to a growing demand in the home segment. Acerââ¬â¢s continuing commitment to bring technology closer to our customers has resulted in a core technology that is now integrated into our entire product range. Acerââ¬â¢s Empowering Technology presents users with friendly and intuitive interface by presenting a single key and following a simple ââ¬Å"123â⬠process, gives fast and easy access to cutting-edge hardware and software solutions. Veriton Series Ideal for enterprises large or small, Veriton PCs are built for peak performance, with security features, proven system reliability, and convenience offering that amplify productivity and perfect business sense. The current desktops range are as below with a wide variety of product line. ASPIRE V820 The fastest dual core DT from Acer, the Aspire V820 is powered by a latest Intel Pentium D 820 (2. 8 GHz); is configured with 256 MB RAM for powerful performance; features a DVD/CD-R/W combo drive; comes fitted with a 80 GB SATA HDD for ample storage space; connects to a set of functional speakers for the multimedia experience; offers a 56 Kbps fax/modem port and a 10/100 Mbps Ethernet port for flexible connectivity; and, displays vide a 17â⬠³ CRT monitor for comfortable viewing. COMMERCIAL MODELS: Acer Power (945GZ) The Acer Power 945GZ offers usersââ¬â¢ high end features like Gigabit LAN and PCI Express X16 technology at value for money prices. Acer Power M8 Acer becomes the first in India to commercially launch the new Socket AM2 based AMD products offering the power of DDR-II SDRAM on AMD platform. Acer Power 335 Acer Power 335 is the Entry level product for customers looking for Value machine with complete specifications Notebooks Acer was among the first to build notebooks with Intel Centrino mobile technology, liberating users to work witj wireless environments, offering wireless mobility for the new age road warrior. Acerââ¬â¢s laptops have revolutionary features that offer an astounding battery life, thermal management- more than nay other laptop offering. Acer TravelMate Series A range of the worldââ¬â¢s most award wining notebooks, Acer TravelMate is designed to empower enterprises SMB and SOHO users with the ultimate in mobile computing performance. Available at every possible price point, and offering unmatched value through innovations like Disc Anti-Shock Protection System, Smart Card Security, and high-speed wireless capability to name a few. Acer Ferrari Series This is the result of the victorious partnership with Scuderia Ferrari; the Ferrari series of notebooks sport the patented Ferrari-Black& Red color, and offers sheer performance thatââ¬â¢s truly worthy of Ferraris passion and Acerââ¬â¢s technology. The various types of products in the notebook series are showcased below. TravelMate 2420 Series Rich entertainment with long lasting mobility Driven by an Centrino @ 1. 7GHz Processor, 14. 1â⬠³ Wide Screen XGA TFT Screen, 6-cell battery and wireless 802. 1b/g connectivity for long lasting mobility, the TravelMate 2428NWXCi is extremely rich in features. This trendy notebook is packed with Centrino Mobile technology, dual-channel memory, 60 GB huge storage- giving users everything they need for work and play ââ¬â for unrivalled value! KEYFEATURES â⬠¢ Pure portability- Weighing just 1. 40 kgs and measuring the size of an A4 notepad, the TravelMate 3000 is easy to take from one meeting to another â⬠¢ Centrino with 915 Chipset- The TravelMate 3000 adopts the new generation of Intelà ® Centrinoâ⠢ mobile technology- Sonoma Platform (915 hipset) â⬠¢ Phenomenal battery power- Another first in the industry, Acer has bundled two batteries with the TravelMate 3000, delivering full-day performance for on-the-go users. â⬠¢ Acer GridVista, an innovative software utility, boosts convenience and efficiency. Especially useful for making the most of 12. 1â⬠³ WXGA wide-aspect LCDs, Acer GridVista automatically resizes open application windows to fit the screen, simultaneously SERVERS In the server category, Acer dominates the entry and mid level space, which actually constitutes 90% of the total server market. Acer offers everything from basic data storage to full fledged enterprise solutions. Acer Altos Series Commercial users and enterprises derive unmatched value from Altos Servers and storage solutions. These ranges of servers accentuate reliability and manageability features, along with unrivalled flexibility in terms of implementation. For business applications that demand high performance, high availability and more flexibility, Acer Altos rack-mounted servers provide the ultimate solution. Under this type of product there are a large number of differentiated products. Some of which are as given below KEY FEATURES Scalability and Performance: Provide excellent performance and scalability beyond 40TB in a highly cost-effective SATA-based package for small companies. â⬠¢ Consolidation: Reduce the number of storage systems, maximize storage utilization, improve storage administratorsââ¬â¢ productivity, and lower management costs. â⬠¢ Application QoS: Dedicate cache to specif ic applications and volumes to enhance performance. â⬠¢ Configuration Flexibility: Dedicate to specific mission-critical applications, deploy as part of a first SAN in small enterprises, or integrate into a tiered storage infrastructure for rchive, backup, or tape replacement in larger companies. Peripherals Acer Handheld PDAs These support a variety of mobile platforms and operating systems, giving customers easy access to their critical data. Streamlined and fashionable, Acer handhelds are available in both standard and wireless models for both work-related and personal tasks ââ¬â any time, any place. Acer Displays Acer offers a rainbow-spectrum of devices that suit all kinds of working environments and user needs, including TFT and LCD monitors, optical drives, projectors and multi-function drives. Acer Projectors Acer's projectors bring you an incredible investment to satisfy all home entertainment and business needs. There are three different peripherals the Acer India Pvt. Ltd. is focusing on. They are the LCD monitors, the CRT monitors and the projectors. Some of them are explained below: LCD monitors: Acer AL900 Series ââ¬â LCD Monitor Benefits: â⬠¢ 500:1 contrast ratio ââ¬â For strikingly vivid images â⬠¢ Wide viewing angle ââ¬â Allows more enjoyment for more people â⬠¢ Quick response time ââ¬â Offers dynamic graphics and advanced animated games â⬠¢ VESA wall mounting ââ¬â Allows easy mounting Kensington lock ââ¬â Secures your monitor from theft â⬠¢ Built-in speakers ââ¬â For freedom from bulky boxes â⬠¢ Auto-scale ââ¬â Gives full-screen display â⬠¢ Auto-adjustment ââ¬â Provides self-adjusting screen settings â⬠¢ True color support ââ¬â Renders picture-pure viewing PROJECTORS: There is a wide product range in project ors section which comprises of 1) Acer PD115 2) Acer XD 1150 3) Acer XD 1170D 4) Acer XD 1270D 5) Acer PD113 6) Acer PD725 7) Acer PD523 8) Acer PD523 All these have a common display system working with called the DLP system, and also all these products have the capacity of displaying 16. 7 million colors. They mainly vary in their computer compatibility, video compatibility, projection lens, projection screen size (diagonal), projection distance, lamp life etc. RESEARCH DESIGN METHODOLOGY Research task: Study the brand awareness of Acer India in the cities Bangalore, Chennai and Coimbatore focusing on the segments students, SMEs and working profile. Research nature: This project is a complete market research. Market research is the only function that relates or links the organization to its market and in turn to its customers by first studying the consumer behavior which then helps in proper planning accordingly. This is the valid information which allows the organization to identify and define the market related opportunities and problems. This information allows for the generation, refinement and evaluation of marketing activities. Regular market research and thorough study of the consumer behavior towards a companyââ¬â¢s products permits the organization to be on par with the changing consumer attitude towards their products. It thus facilitates monitoring the marketing performance and improved understanding of marketing as a business process. Research scope: The scope of this market research can be divided into two major divisions which include Demographic segmentation: In demographic segmentation, the market is divided into groups on the basis of variables such as age, family life cycle, gender, income, occupation, education, religion, race, generation, nationality and social class. Here the survey was taken by dividing the groups on the basis of age and occupation. The three main segment groups were college students, working profile (first and second job people) and the Small and Medium Enterprises (taking 40, 40 and 20 respectively). The age factor was also set to be between18 to 40 and throughout the survey care was taken about the age limit. The data was collected from college students belonging to professional, agricultural, textile and arts background. To name a few the different colleges include PSG tech, Kumara guru college of technology, Alliance business academy, Indian Institute of Planning Management, Ohio University Christ college, Loyola college, Crescent Engineering college, Agricultural university( Coimbatore). This variety was chosen so as to find out if any new market segment or untapped market can be spotted. The working profiled people also includes professionals from companies like Accenture, Oracle, Travel Guru, Roots, Pricol, Numeric power systems and so on Geographic segmentation: Geographic segmentation calls for dividing the market into different geographical units such as nations, states, regions, countries, cities or neighborhoods. The survey was carried on in three different cities namely Bangalore, Chennai and Coimbatore. This was done in the intension of collecting information from two first tier cities where a large population already uses laptops and desktops. This was done to study the variation in the behavior and attitudes of these people and their inclination towards branded PC vendors. The choice of the two tier city Coimbatore was to study the perception of the laptops and desktops and their usage in the peopleââ¬â¢s mind. Also the perception of the different brands was noted with the main concentration on Acer products. This was done with the intention to explore the potential market there and their requirements. Research tool: The research instrument used was a structured questionnaire covering the areas that lead to the solution of the objective. This includes measures like Acerââ¬â¢s market penetration, its visibility in comparison with other brands, awareness to their advertisements and promotions, the customer media habits, their perception towards Acer etc. Data compilation and analysis methodology: The sample size of three hundred was integrated and compiled in software called Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). This is comprehensive statistical software that includes the capabilities for data analysis, data management and programming which enables the analysts in generating decision making information quickly using powerful statistics. ANALYSIS BASIC ATTITUDES AWARENESS CHECK: 1) Channel through which Acer was first heard Geographically The means through which people came to know about Acer for the first time was noted. This helps in reengineering the channel that can be adopted to penetrate market. [pic] (Sample size 100 per city) TAB 1 Parameters/ |Friends/relatives/ |TV |Newspaper |Magazine |Internet | |Segments |Associates | | | | | |Coimbatore |33% |11% |9% |9 % |10% | |Chennai |27. 3% |11. 1% |18. 2% |7. 1% |9. 1% | |Bangalore |27. % |13. 1% |17. 2% |19. 2% |8. 1% | Demographically [pic] (Sample size 40, 2 0 and 40) TAB 2 |Parameters/ |Friends/relatives/ |TV |Newspaper |Magazine |Internet | |Segments |Associates | | | | | |Students |33. 1% |16. 1% |12. 1% |12. 1% |8. % | |SME |21. 4% |7. 1% |19. 6% |14. 3% |10. 7% | |Working profile |30. 0% |9. 2% |15% |10% |9. 2% | BRAND VISIBILITY CHECK: Geographically Awareness of a brand can be created only when it is made visible to the people and especially to the potential customers. The three segments considered here shows varied visibility of the brand Acer. [pic] (Sample size 100 per city) TAB 3 |NO Visibility |Low visibility |Average visibility |Good visibility |Very good visibility | |Coimbatore |36% (36) |19% (19) |20% (20) |18% 18) |7% (7) | |Chennai |34. 7% (34) |17. 3% (17) |23. 5% |17. 3%(17) |7. 1% (7) | | | | |(23) | | | |Bangalore |12. % (12) |30. 1% (28) |21. 5% (20) |30. 1% (28) |5. 4% (5) | Demographically [pic] (Sample size 40, 2 0 and 40) TAB 4 |Parameters/ |No |Low |Average |Good visibility |Very good visibility | |Places |visibility |Visibility |Visibility | | | |STUDENTS |32. 8% |15. 6% |23. % |20. 5% |7. 4% | |SME |27. 5% |23. 5% |19. 6% |23. 5% |5. 9% | |WORKING PROFILE PEOPLE |24. 2% |27. 5% |20% | 22. 5% |5. 8% | ADVERTISING AWARENESSââ¬âGeographically [pic] (Sample size 100 each) Awareness towards Acerââ¬â¢s promotional activities [pic] (Sample size 40, 2 0 and 40) TAB 5 Parameters/ Places |Seen Acer advertisements Seen Acer | | |Promotions | |Coimbatore |51% 9% | |Chennai |53. 5% 16. 2% | |Bangalore |62. 6% 33. % | The advertisements and promotional activities which come under the bottom line projects were checked if it contributed to the awareness. The Acer advertisements were noticed by most of the people in all the three cities. But still on an average almost 50% of the crowd has not seen Acer advertisements which create a lot of gap for the brand in reaching people completely. The promotions which Acer conducts were also not noticed much by the people. On an average more than 70 to 80% of the people do not have any idea of the promotional activities done by ACER. Demographically Awareness towards Acer advertisements and promotional activities [pic] (Sample size 40, 2 0 and 40) Awareness of promotional activities [pic] (Sample size 40, 2 0 and 40) TAB 6 |Parameters/ occupation |Seen Acer advertisements Seen Acer Promotions | |Students |63. 7% 22. 6% | |SME |44. 6% 12. 5% | |Working profile |53. % 20. 0% | THE MEDIA HABITS Geographically [pic] (Sample size 100 each) Demographically TAB 7 |Parameters/ occupation |MEDIAââ¬âTV MEDIAââ¬â | | |NEWSPAPER | |Students |65. 3% 50. 8% | |SME |46. 3% 42. % | |Working profile |61. 7% 65% | [pic] (Sample size 40, 2 0 and 40) Media habitsââ¬ânewspaper Geographically [pic] (Sample size 100 each) Demographically [pic] (Sample size 40, 2 0 and 40) Media habitsââ¬âMagazine Demographically [pic] (Sample size 40, 2 0 and 40) [pic] (Sample size 100) TAB 8 |Parameters/ occupation |MEDIAââ¬âMagazine MEDIAââ¬â | | |Internet | |Students |37. 9% 15. 3% | |SME |21. 4% 16. 1% | |Working profile |45. 8% 33. 3% | Media habitsââ¬âinternet Geographically [pic] Demographically [pic] (Sample size 40, 2 0 and 40) 4) Visibility check through the number of visits to the retail outlets: Geographically This check is mainly done to measure the visibility by the frequency of visit to Acer retail outlets. The brand HP has the highest hit for the customer visit to retail outlets. Very less number of people has visited the Acer malls (the retail outlets) in all the three places. On an average much less than 10% of the sample have visited the Acer malls, which is very less to the 40% visit rate to the HP retail outlets. pic] (Sample size 100 each) [pic] (Sample size 40, 2 0 and 40) Purchasing decision ââ¬â evaluating the product: Geographically Since the awareness rate differs between different cities the purchasing decision and the evaluation of the products may also vary. Before the purchase decision occurs there is a stage called the evaluation stage where people compare and examine the products of the brand they are aware off which finally leads to the procurement of the product. [pic] (Sample size 100) TAB 9 |Parameters/ |Word of |Comparing |Media Checking |Seeing demo | |Places |Mouth |Specifications | |Offer | | |Coimbatore |32% |71% |28% |22% |32% | |Chennai |25% |62% |27% |22% |32% | |Bangalore |38% |52% |26% |22% |28% | Means That Facilitate the Purchasing Decision ââ¬â Demographic Segmentation Demographically [pic] (Sample size 40, 2 0 and 40) Purchasing decision can be influenced by a lot of factors which can totally change the buying pattern itself. When analyzed here on the basis of the demographic segments the inferences and major findings were as follows STUDENTS ââ¬â â⬠¢ 35. 5% through comparing specifications â⬠¢ 12. 1% word of mouth & checking specification. â⬠¢ 5. 6% checking offer & checking specification. 5. 6% checking & media. SME ââ¬â â⬠¢ 10. 7% Checking specification& comparing specifications â⬠¢ 10. 7% comparing specif ication â⬠¢ 8. 9% word of mouth â⬠¢ 8. 9% word of mouth & checking specification â⬠¢ 8. 9% word of mouth and checking offer WORKING PROFILE ââ¬â â⬠¢ 20% comparing specification â⬠¢ 12. 5% checking offer & checking specifications. â⬠¢ 11. 7% checking specification & media â⬠¢ 9. 2% word mouth & checking specifications BRAND PERCEPTION Geographically [pic] (Sample size 100) TAB 10 Parameters/ Places |Acer perceived as an MNC brand | |Coimbatore |62% | |Chennai |67% | |Bangalore |71% | Demographically [pic] (Sample size 40, 2 0 and 40) TAB 11 |Parameters/ |Acer perceived as an | |Segments |MNC brand | |Students |42. % | |SME |17% | |Working people |40. 7% | Rating the parameters concerned with the products of Acer Geographically Some parameters linked with the product of Acer were also asked to rank like quality, price, service, features and performance. Rating quality pic] (Sample size 100) TAB 12 |Parameters/ |Poor |Fair |Good |Very good |Excellent | |Place | | | | | | |Coimbatore |3. 1% |19. 4% |35. 7% |15. 3% |10. 2% | |Chennai |1% |11. 2% |43. 9% |18. 4% |12. % | |Bangalore |4. 3% |23. 7% |47. 3% |14% |4. 3% | Demographically Rating quality TAB 13 |Parameters/ |Poor |Fair |Good |Very good |Excellent | |Segments | | | | | | |Students |4. 1% |22% |42. 3% |13% |8. % | |SME |2. 0% |18% |38. 0% |22% |8. 0% | |Working profile |2. 5% |13. 6% |44. 1% |16. 1% |9. 3% | [pic] (Sample size 40, 2 0 and 40) On an average all the three segments feel that the qualities o f Acer products are good. This comes around 41. 5% of the population. Rating service [pic] (Sample size 100) TAB 14 |Parameters/ |Poor |Fair |Good Very good |Excellent | |Places | | | | | | | Coimbatore |7. 1% |25. 5% |36. 7% |13. 3% |1% | |Chennai |3. 1% |26. 5% |39. 8% |16. 3% |1% | |Bangalore |2. 2% |32. 2% |33. 3% |25. 6% |O% | Rating Acerââ¬â¢s service Demographically TAB 15 |Parameters/ |Poor |Fair |Good |Very good |Excellent | |Segments | | | | | | |Students |5. 0% |33. 1% |35. 5% |16. 5% |0% | |SME |4. 0% |46% |30% |20% |0% | |Working profile |4. % |33. 4% |27. 3% |18. 8% |1. 7% | [pic] (Sample size 40, 2 0 and 40) Rating price Geographically TAB 16 |Parameters / |Poor |Fair |Good |Very good |Excellent | |Place | | | | | | |Coimbatore |2% |17. 3% |35. 7% |26. 5% |2. 0% | |Chennai |2. % |12. 4% |32. 0% |33. 0% |8. 2% | |Bangalore |4. 3% |9. 7% |28% |36. 6% |15. 1% | [pic] (Sample size 100) Rating price Demographically Tab 17 |Parameters/ |Poor |Fair |Good |Very good |Excellent | |Segments | | | | | | |Students |1. % |14. 6% |39. 8% |28. 5% |5. 7% | |SME |4. 1% |16. 3% |22. 4% |34. 7% |12. 2% | |Working profile |3. 4% |10. 2% |28% |33. 9% |10. 2% | [pic] (Sample size 40, 2 0 and 40) RATING PERFORMANCE Geographically [pic] (Sample size 100) TAB 18 Parameters / |Poor |Fair |Good |Very good |Excellent | |Place | | | | | | |Coimbatore |2. 0% |10. 2% |33. 7% |29. 6% |8. 2% | |Chennai |2. 0% |7. 1% |37. 8% |34. 7% |5. 1% | |Bangalore |3. 3% |30. 4% |22. 8% |34. 8% |2. % | Rating performance Demographically TAB 19 |Parameters/ |Poor |Fair |Good |Very good |Excellent | |Segments | | | | | | |Students |3. 3% |16. 3% |39% |28. 5% |3. 3% | |SME |4. 0% |12. 0% |26. 0% |38. 0% |8% | |Working profile |0. % |17. 1% |26. 5% |35. 0% |6. 0% | [pic] (Sample size 40, 2 0 and 40) RATING FEATURES Geographically [pic] (Sample size 100) TAB 20 |Parameters / |Poor |Fair |Good |Very good |Excellent | |Place | | | | | | |Coimbatore |2. 0% |10. 2% |38. 8% |21. 4% |11. 2% | |Chennai |1. % |3. 1% |41. 8% |29. 6% |11. 2% | |Bangalore |5. 4% |20. 7% |30. 4% |28. 3% |8. 7% | RATING THE FEATURES Demographically TAB 21 |Parameters/ |Poor |Fair |Good |Very good |Excellent | |Segments | | | | | | |Students |3. 3% |13. % |45. 5% |22. 8% |4. 9% | |SME |2. 0% |10% |22. 0% |36% |18% | |Working profile |2. 6% |10. 3% |34. 2% |25. 6% |12. 8% | [pic] (Sample size 40, 2 0 and 40) DEGREE TO WHICH ACER PRODUCTS ARE RECOMMENDED Geographically [pic] (Sample size 100 each) TAB 22 |Parameters/ |Def. not |Not sure |Probably not |Would probably |Would def. |Places | | | | | | |Coimbatore |1% |38% |10% |42% |9% | |Chennai |2% |38. 4% |8. 1% |42. 4% |9. 1% | |Bangalore |6. 1% |19. 2% |7. 1% |51. 5% |16. 3% | Demographically TAB 23 Parameters/ |Would def. not |Not sure |Probably not |Probably would |Def. would | |Segments | | | | | | |Students |4% |36. 3% |10. 5% |45. 2% |4. 0% | |SME |1. 8% |23. 3% |3. 6% |53. 6% |17. 9% | |Working profile |2. 5% |32. % |8. 3% |40. 8% |15. 8% | [pic] (Sample size 40, 2 0 and 40) On an average 46. 5% of the people would probably recommend Acer products to his/ her friends/ associates or relatives. About 30. 7% of the people on average are not sure if they would recommend and around 12. 55% of the people would definitely recommend. Demographicallyââ¬âconsideration set for Acer desktops Frequency of peopl e having Acer in their consideration set â⬠¢ STUDENTS ââ¬â 31. 5% were sure that while making decisions they would consider the Acer products. SME ââ¬â Around 50% of the people would consider Acer while making purchase decisions â⬠¢ Working profile ââ¬â About 41. 7% of the people would consider Acer during purchase decisions. [pic] (Sample size 40, 2 0 and 40) Acer notebooks in the consideration set Geographically [pic] (Sample size 100 each) TAB 24 |Parameters/ Places |Acer desktops |Acer notebooks | |Coimbatore |35% |56% | |Chennai |36. % |55. 6% | |Bangalore |46. 5% |52. 5% | Demographically [pic] (Sample size 40, 2 0 and 40) â⬠¢ STUDENTS ââ¬â 47. 6% were sure that while making decisions they would consider the Acer notebooks. â⬠¢ SME ââ¬â Around 58. 9% of the people would consider Acer notebooks while making purchase decisions â⬠¢ Working profile ââ¬â About 59. 2% of the people would consider Acer notebooks during purchase decisions. P reference setââ¬âAcer desktops Geographically Acerââ¬â¢s share in the preference set of the people TAB 25 |Parameter/ |First preference |Second preference |Third preference | |Places | | | | |Coimbatore |10% |30% |60% | |Chennai |9. 4% |28. 1% |62. 5% | |Bangalore |17. % |41. 2% |41. 2% | [pic] (Sample size 100 each) TAB 26 Demographically |Parameter/ |First preference |Second preference |Third preference | |Places | | | | |Students |60. 6% |33. 3% |6. 1% | |SME |46. 2% |38. 55 |15. 4% | |Working profile |48. 8% |34. 1% |17. 1% | [pic] (Sample size 40, 2 0 and 40) Preference for notebooks: Geographically [pic] (Sample size 100 each) TAB 27 |Parameters/ |First preference |Second preference |Third preference | |Places | | | | |Coimbatore |10. % |57. 9% |31. 6% | |Chennai |12% |36. 0% |52% | |Bangalore |27. 3% |29. 5% |43. 2% | Demographicallyââ¬âAcer notebooks in preference set [pic] (Sample size 40, 2 0 and 40) TAB 28 Parameter/ |First preference |Second preference |Third preference | |Places | | | | |students |52. 8% |30. 6% |16. 7% | |SME |45. 5% |36. 4% |18. 2% | |Working profile |39. 4% |44. % |20. 9% | FINDINGS The general attitudes and awareness of the brand Acer is analyzed Channel through which Acer was first heard of: Geographically â⬠¢ People came to know about Acer products and brand to a greater extent from friends/ relatives / associates which contributes to about 30% in each city on an average. â⬠¢ Newspaper awareness contributed to around 14. 8% and magazine contribution was around 12%. Demographically â⬠¢ Students came to know about Acer through friends /relatives / associates which contributed about 33. 1%. About 12. % each through newspaper and magazine. Nearly 17. 8 % of the people have not heard of Acer. â⬠¢ SME came to know about Acer through friends / relatives and associates to about 21. 4%. Newspaper contributed to about 19. 6% and magazine to about 14. 3% to the awareness of Acer for the first time. 25% of the people have not heard about Acer. â⬠¢ Working profile about 30% contribution was due to friends / relatives / associates. 15% contribution by newspaper. About 23. 7% of the people have not heard of Acer. Brand visibility Index: Geographically â⬠¢ The visibility index from the analysis is Coimbatore ââ¬â 2. 41 Chennai ââ¬â 2. Bangalore ââ¬â 2. 65 This indicated that Acer as a brand lies between low and average visibility zone. Demographically â⬠¢ The visibility index is Students ââ¬â 2. 54 SME ââ¬â 3. 45 Working profile ââ¬â 2. 58 This indicates that Acer has low visibility for the student and working profile segment. It has average visibility in the SME segment Awareness towards Acer advertisements and promotional activities: Geographically: â⬠¢ On an average 55. 6% of the people have seen Acer advertisements taking all the three cities in to consideration. â⬠¢ Acer promotional activities were not noticed in a very negligible pattern. Coimbatore ââ¬â only 9% of the people have noticed an Acer promotion. â⬠¢ Chennai ââ¬â around 16. 2% have seen Acer promotions â⬠¢ Bangalore ââ¬â about 34. 3% of the people have noticed Acer promotional activities. Demographically Acer advertisements â⬠¢ Students ââ¬â 63. 7% has noticed Acer advertisements â⬠¢ SME ââ¬â 44. 6% has noticed Acer advertisements â⬠¢ Working profile ââ¬â 53. 3% has noticed Acer advertisements Acer promotions â⬠¢ Students ââ¬â 22. 6% has noticed Acer promotions â⬠¢ SME ââ¬â 12. 5% has noticed Acerââ¬â¢s promotional activities â⬠¢ Working profile ââ¬â 20. 0% has noticed Acerââ¬â¢s promotional activities Number of visits to Acer retail outlets (in the past six months): Geographically Coimbatore â⬠¢ On the whole HP has the highest count of about 44% â⬠¢ Visit to Acer retail outlet is 1% Chennai â⬠¢ Again HP being the highest with about 33. 3% of visit â⬠¢ About 6% of the people visited Acer retail outlets Bangalore â⬠¢ HP with 21. 2% is again the highest hit. â⬠¢ About 19. 2% visit to Acer retail outlets. Demographically Students â⬠¢ On the whole HP has the highest count of about 44% â⬠¢ Visit to Acer retail outlet is 1% SME â⬠¢ Again HP being the highest with about 33. % of visit â⬠¢ About 6% of the people visited Acer retail outlets Working profile â⬠¢ HP with 21. 2% is again the highest hit. â⬠¢ About 19. 2% visit to Acer retail outlets. Measures that people undertake before their purchase decisionââ¬âevaluating the product Geographically Coimbatore â⬠¢ 71% purchases occur by comparing specifications â⬠¢ 50% purchases also happen by comparing specification and checking offers â⬠¢ 32% word of mouth Chennai â⬠¢ 62% purchases occur by comparing specification. â⬠¢ 45% purchases through comparing specification and checking offers. â⬠¢ 27% through media â⬠¢ 32% seeing demo Bangalore â⬠¢ 52% comparing specification â⬠¢ 38% word of mouth â⬠¢ 30% comparing specification and checking offers â⬠¢ 26% through media Demographically â⬠¢ Students ââ¬â 35. 5% of the purchases through comparing specifications 12. 1% through word of mouth 5. 6% each through checking offer and comparing specifications â⬠¢ SME ââ¬â 10. 7% of purchase through comparing specification and checking Offer 10. 7% only comparing specification 9% each through word of mouth & checking offer, word of mouth & Checking specification and checking specification and seeing demo. Working profile ââ¬â 20% of the purchase through comparing specification 12. 5% through checking offer & comparing specification 11. 7% checking specification & media BRAND PERCEPTION CHECK: Perception linked with the brand name: Acer is still perceived to be in collaboration with Wipro. So it is giving a perception of a national brand amongst most people. Geographically â⬠¢ Coimbator e only 62% of the people are aware that Acer is an MNC â⬠¢ Chennai 67% had the awareness â⬠¢ Bangalore 71% of the people knew that Acer is an MNC. Demographically â⬠¢ Students ââ¬â only 42. 5% perceive Acer as an MNC SME ââ¬â only 17% of the SME perceive Acer as an MNC â⬠¢ Working profile ââ¬â 40. 7% perceive Acer as an MNC. Perception on the product parameters An index is got from the analysis which gives the quality index in the three different cities. This is done on a scale of 1 to 5 indicating where the parameter actually lies. â⬠¢ Quality Geographically Coimbatore ââ¬â 2. 56 Chennai ââ¬â 2. 84 Bangalore ââ¬â 2. 65 From the above data it is clear that Acer quality vice it lies in the fair zone but far towards good. Demographically Students ââ¬â 1. 9 SME ââ¬â 2. 8 Working profile 2. 72 Students perceive Acerââ¬â¢s quality to be fair. Both SME and working profile perceive Acerââ¬â¢s quality to be good. â⬠¢ Service Geographically Coimbatore ââ¬â 2. 22 Chennai ââ¬â 2. 41 Bangalore ââ¬â 2. 42 From the above data it is clear that Acer quality vice it lies in the lower fair zone. Demographically Students ââ¬â 2. 43 SME ââ¬â 2. 38 Working profile ââ¬â 2. 05 The weighted average shows that the service of Acer perceived by the three different segments is invariably fair. â⬠¢ Price. Geographically Coimbatore ââ¬â 2. 55 Chennai ââ¬â 2. 87 Bangalore ââ¬â 3. 06 From the above data it is clear that Acer quality vice it lies in the fair zone in Coimbatore and far towards good in Chennai. In Bangalore price vice perception for Acer is good Demographically Students ââ¬â 2. 9 SME ââ¬â 2. 69 Working profile ââ¬â 2. 9 The data above shows that the price of Acer products is perceived to be good invariably in all three segments. â⬠¢ Performance Geographically Coimbatore ââ¬â 2. 77 Chennai ââ¬â 2. 88 Bangalore ââ¬â 2. 60 From the above data it is clear that Acer quality vice it lies in between the fair and good zone. Demographically Students ââ¬â 2. 82 SME ââ¬â 2. 98 Working profile ââ¬â 2. 86 The data shows that the performance of Acer products is perceived to be in between fair and good but more inclined towards good. Features Geographically Coimbatore ââ¬â 2. 75 Chennai ââ¬â 3. 01 Bangalore ââ¬â 2. 71 From the above data it is clear that in Coimbatore and Bangalore Acer quality vice it lies in between the fair and good zone. In Chennai it lies in the good zone. Demographically Students ââ¬â 2. 829 SME ââ¬â 3. 22 Working profile ââ¬â 2. 92 The data shows indicates that students and working profile perceive the features of Acer products to be in between fair and good. The SMEsââ¬â¢ perceive the features of Acer products to be good. Degree to which Acer products are recommended Geographically Taking the weighted average mean into consideration and rating the different parameters on the scale of 1 to 5 people feel that â⬠¢ Coimbatore ââ¬â 3. 2 â⬠¢ Chennai ââ¬â 3. 15 â⬠¢ Bangalore ââ¬â 3. 49 The respondents feel that they would probably not recommend Acer products to their friends / relatives / associates. Demographically â⬠¢ Students ââ¬â 3. 05 â⬠¢ SME ââ¬â 3. 625 â⬠¢ Working profile ââ¬â 3. 35 Students and working profile people feel that they would probably not recommend Acer to their known ones. SMEs response lies in between probably not to probably would and more inclined towards probably would. Checking if Acer desktops falls in the consideration set and in the preference set Geographically â⬠¢ Coimbatore ââ¬â 35% people considers Acer desktops while they are considering buying one. But when it narrows down to the preference set out of the 100 respondents only 30 respondentsââ¬â¢ preferred Acer desktops and their preference level in the scale of 1 to 3 is 1. 5. This represents somewhere between third and second preference. â⬠¢ Chennai ââ¬â 36. 4% of the people have Acer desktops in their consideration set when they are to buy desktops. But it comes to the preference set the response is 1. 68 in the scale of 1 to 3. That is it somewhere between third and second preference. â⬠¢ Bangalore ââ¬â 46. 5% of the people consider Acer desktops when they plan for a purchase but their preference level in a scale of 1 to 3 is 0. 629. That is even below third preference. Or could be taken as a few people prefer Acer desktops as their third preference. Demograph ically â⬠¢ Students ââ¬â 31. 5% of the people feel that they would consider Acer desktops when they go for a purchase. Out of which when it comes to the preference set only 33 responses were there. In the scale of 1 to 3 it lays around 1. 5 which indicates their preference lies between third and second preference. â⬠¢ SME ââ¬â Around 50% of the respondents would consider Acer desktops while they decide a purchase. In the preference set only 13 responses where there and their preference lies between third and second preference more inclined towards second preference. â⬠¢ Working profile ââ¬â About 41. 7% would consider Acer desktops when they go for a purchase. Out of the consideration set only 41 responses preferred Acer desktops. Their preference lies between third and second preference (1. 68) in the scale of 1 to 3. Checking if Acer laptops falls in the consideration set and in the preference set â⬠¢ Coimbatore ââ¬â 56% people considers Acer laptops while they are considering buying one. But when it narrows down to the preference set out of the 100 respondents only 19 respondentsââ¬â¢ preferred Acer laptops and their preference level in the scale of 1 to 3 is 1. 789. This represents somewhere between third and second preference. â⬠¢ Chennai ââ¬â 55. 6% of the people have Acer desktops in their consideration set when they are to buy laptops. But it comes to the preference set the response is 1. 6 in the scale of 1 to 3. That is it somewhere between third and second preference. â⬠¢ Bangalore ââ¬â 52. 5% of the people consider Acer laptops when they plan for a purchase but their preference level in a scale of 1 to 3 is 1. 8. That is even below third preference. Or could be taken as a few people prefer Acer desktops as their third preference The preference fro an Acer laptop, on the whole is between third and second preference and more towards third preference. That for Acer laptop is also between third and second preference but inclined more towards second preference. Demographically â⬠¢ Students ââ¬â 47. % of the people have Acer notebooks in their consideration set out of which only 36 people have it in their preference set and their ranking for preference in the scale of 1 to 3 is 1. 638. this indicates that their preference lies between third and second preference inclined towards second preference. â⬠¢ SME ââ¬â 58. 9% of the respondents say that they would consider Acer pr oducts but their preference level in the scale of 1 to 3 is 1. 7, heading towards second preference. â⬠¢ Working Profile ââ¬â 59. 2% have Acer in their consideration set and their preference level in the scale of 1 to 3 it lies at 2. 1 indicating that working profile people have Acer notebooks as their second preference. CONCLUSION The awareness of the brand Acer is average which is due to the low visibility of the brand to the customers. There is not enough advertisement and promotional activities that is undertaken to boost the brand. There must be a lot of investment made make the brand more visible. This will help the brand to build itself strong. The channel through Acer became aware to many people is through word of mouth. But to some extent even through internet and newspaper. There must be another research conducted to check if the word of mouth propagation is ctually causing a positive reinforcement or negative reinforcement. There are about 20% of the people who ha ve not heard of Acer. The amount of advertisements and promotions that we undertake is also comparatively low and it is not being noticed much. This is in turn affecting the visibility of the brand compared to the other brands that really pump a great amount of advertisements even being a new entrant in the market. This also is leading to the relatively low number of visits to the Acer retail outlets though having the highest network. Acer is also being perceived still as a national brand which is in collaboration with Wipro. People are not sure if Acer is an Indian or a foreign brand, which actually creates a wrong vibration in the purchase decision chain of the customers. SUGGESTIONS / RECOMMENDATIONS First thing that we need to do is change that perception and project ourselves as an MNC with the Indian emotions filled in it. We need to target our customer segment properly and advertise our product and brand We must focus on the other means of throwing light on the band like TV commercials, internet banners and magazine printed ads because the amount of people with media habits as TV, newspaper, internet is really huge. Acer has to be made awareness first regionally and then nationally. â⬠¢ Tying up with educational institutions will increase the awareness and also the leads. â⬠¢ Acer needs to redefine its target segment as to which is potential. The segment suggested is SMEs and college students. â⬠¢ Acer needs to set its target properly and focus Advertisements to hit them especially the TV commercials. â⬠¢ Designing gift offers and vouchers with the product also will help a lot to draw the attention of the customers. â⬠¢ Online banner Advertisements can be designed and can be displayed on the widely used sites especially in messengers like Yahoo and Google talk. Popup inviting users to participate in online survey can be designed and implemented so that the perception of the people can be known periodically. â⬠¢ Huge hoardings with the endorsed celebrity can be designed and put o places where are forced to see such as in the signals, near direction boards, outside famous malls, on road dividers etc. â⬠¢ Service and support is one factor which has to be worked out properly. â⬠¢ Providing good incentives and schemes to the dealers as Acer in India will help a lot as it is still a push product. â⬠¢ Sponsoring for big events like the filmy events which happen and also sport. APPENDIX Dear Respondent: I am a student of Ohio University, Christ College carrying out a research project titled brand awareness and consumer perception of the branded PC vendors. I request you to kindly fill in this questionnaire. All the information provided by you will be strictly confidential and will be used only for academic purposes. Please put a tick mark or circle the bullets where ever necessary. 1. Do you own a Personal Computer / Notebook? Desktop Yes If yes, which brand? ____________ No Notebook Yes If yes, which brand? ____________ No 2. Which brand would you prefer to buy while buying a desktop or notebook? (HP, Lenovo, Acer, Dell Inc. Toshiba) 2. (a) Desktop ( rate your preference) |Rank | 1 |2 |3 | |Brand | | | | |Reason | | | | | | | | | 2. (b) Notebook ( rate your preference) Rank |1 |2 |3 | |Brand | | | | |Reason | | | Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-57250182477811385812020-01-10T16:27:00.001-08:002020-01-10T16:27:05.308-08:00B. F. Skinner and Albert BanduraB. F Skinner came up with Skinnerââ¬â¢s theory of personality. According to the theory, differences in individual behavior are as a result of different kinds of learning experience different people encounter. Some of the behavior pattern may be learned through direct experience (direct reinforcement) while others are through observational or sensational learning. Reinforcement plays a major role in shaping the expression of the learned behavior. Reinforcement takes three shapes. Direct reinforcement involves social approval or disapproval and tangible rewards.Vicarious reinforcement involves observing someone receive a reward or punishment for behavior similar to his/her own behavior. Self administered reinforcement is whereby a person evaluates his/her own performance with self honor or criticism (Zillman and Bryant 2001). Therefore, a given behavior in a specific situation will bank on the likely result. According to Bandura social cognitive theory, behaviorism is based on the c oncept that development is cultured and is subjective to environmental factors.1). The theory put more stress in the fact that environment, behavior and cognition work together and hence wield important influence among each other (Travers 2001). In personality development, Albert Bandura came to a conclusion that environment causes behavior while on the other hand behavior causes environment. This factor led to Banduraââ¬â¢s idea of reciprocal determination and had a belief that an action of an individual and the action of his environment are linked together. According to his theory, personality development comes as a result of relations between environment, psychological process and behavior of an individual (Travers 2001).2). Discuss the similarities between each theoristââ¬â¢s ideas of personality Theories by B. F Skinner and Albert Bandura played a great role in the environmentalist point of view of development. The two theories are similar in stating that the environment shape learning and the behavior of an individual from childhood stage to adulthood stage (Travers 2001). Both theories recognize the significance of reinforcement in learning and behavior. In both case, motivation is embedded and reinforced by the consequences and so one can easily learn if he/she values the consequences and also one can be reinforced vicariously.In both the theory, the individual is at the center stage of determining his/her behavior. In skinner theory, self administered reinforcement play a major role in self criticism or honor and so he/she can decide on what behavior to adopt without influence from another party. This fact is the same as in Albert Bandura theory of personality where an individual has self regulatory mechanism which provide for the potential for self directed change and for the capability of one influencing his own behavior (Zillman and Bryant 2001). This is inclined to self observation, self decision and self-reaction.3) Discuss the differences between the theoristsââ¬â¢ ideas of personality (include any reasoning for the differencesââ¬âpersonal history B. F. Skinner theory of personality differ with Albert Bandura social cognitive theory in that it specified that a behavior was only as a reaction of environmental stimuli while social cognitive theory state that behavior of an individual can be modified by external stimuli while putting into consideration the fact that learning can take place through copying. Albert Bandura also state that learning also take a cognitive perspective.Skinner theory of personality provides room for operant conditioning while Bandura social cognitive theory does not. In Skinner theory of personality, the behavior is influenced by the environment and it is a one way tier while in Albert Bandura social cognitive theory, the behavior of an individual is influenced by the environment while at the same time, the environment is influenced by the individual behavior and so it is a two way tier . 4) Discuss each theoristââ¬â¢s ideas concerning the role of society in the development of personality and any developmental stagesAlbert Banduraââ¬â¢s idea about the role of society concerning the development of personality and any developmental stage in cognitivism, behavior is guided by cognitions about the world. The cognitive theories are personality theories which stress on cognitive processes like thinking and offering judgment. Banduraââ¬â¢s theory further draws the importance of modeling through the social cognitive theory, in that as a result of direct training of an individual in the society or conditioning (for instance through reinforcement a child is subjected to such as punishment) models behavior hence development of personality (Travers 2001).Through the influence of the society, an individual learns several issues from childhood which help in development of personality. Through this idea of social learning, the role played by role models in development of personality becomes very significant. B. F. Skinner also gives a perspective of personality development that is based on learning through others in the society.Skinner (Quoted in Travers 2001: 156) also further notes that the adolescent stage of human development requires that the positive behaviors exhibited by the adolescents since adolescents are more vigorous in repeating the behavior for which they have obtained reinforcement.Reference List: Travers, F. , John, (2001). ââ¬Å"Human growth and development through the lifespanâ⬠Jones & Bartlett Publishers Zillman, D. and Bryant, J. (2001). ââ¬Å"Media effects: Advances in theory and research 2nd Edition,â⬠NJ Lawrence Erlbaum; Hillsdale: Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-57184039641966681112020-01-02T12:51:00.001-08:002020-01-02T12:51:04.313-08:00Mandatory Dui Laws And / Or Technology Should Be Enacted Letââ¬â¢s drink and drive so we can crash and kill innocent people. Driving while under the influence of alcohol is called drunk driving (DUI), which is against the law. The National Traffic Safety Administration (NTSA) estimates that almost 40% of traffic deaths caused by accidents in the United States are caused by drunk drivers. Some people think that there should be tougher penalties for repeaters of DUI and we should have zero tolerance for drinking and driving. Others believe that tougher laws are not needed. Some people feel like the social drinkers are being punished more than the drunk drivers who keep getting DUIââ¬â¢s (ProQuest Staff). This paper will examine the pros, cons, and my view point on whether tougher DUI laws and/or technology should be enacted. For starters, many argue that tougher penalties or better technology will stop people from drinking while driving. To begin with, technology can help reduce the amount of drunk driving accidents. Firstly David Strickland, National Highway Safety Administrator, argues that human error creates 90% of all crashes. Secondly, the NHSA adds that insurance companies and car makers are working on a technology that will keep drunk driversââ¬â¢ cars from starting. Finally, Jerry Hirsch of the Driver Alcohol Detection System for Safety states that 10,000 people were killed last year in alcohol-related incidents. Thatââ¬â¢s almost one-third of all traffic accidents due to drunk drivers (Hirsch). Next, decreasing the limit from 0.08 to Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-86951222398470617722019-12-25T09:18:00.001-08:002019-12-25T09:18:03.040-08:00New Journalism - 2151 Words Is New Journalism a literary genre? Analyse with reference to the literary techniques used in two examples of New Journalism. Word Count - 2231 I suppose the most common sense point at which to start is by defining New Journalism, or Literary Journalism, as Eisenhuth and McDonald (2007, p. 38) say it is called at the ââ¬Å"upper end of the spectrum.â⬠The Collins Concise Dictionary (1999, p. 995) defines New Journalism as ââ¬Å"a style of journalism, using techniques borrowed from fiction to portray a situation of event as vividly as possible.â⬠Wikipedia (2010) defines it as ââ¬Å"a style of 1960s and 1970s news writing and journalism that used literary techniques deemed unconventional at the time.â⬠The meaning of New Journalism has evolvedâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Interestingly, Capote, along with Mailer and many other authors, never agreed to their styles comparisons to Wolfes school of narration. Much to the contrary, many of these writers would deny that their work was generically relevant to other new Journalists at the time. In a 1966 Atlantic article, Dan Wakefield said that the non-fiction work of Capote elevated reporting to the level of literature. Although praising the work of Capote, this goes some way in saying that literature is better than journalism. This is evidence for what Capote said his critics felt: Combining literature and journalism is little more than a literary solution for fatigued novelists. (Plimpton, 1967, p. 16) Newfield (1967, p. 20) said that, ââ¬Å"This new genre defines itself by claiming many of the techniques that were once the unchallenged terrain of the novelist: tension, symbol, cadence, irony, prosody, imagination.â⬠Gay Taleses 1966 article for Esquire magazine, Frank Sinatra Has a Cold, was a very influential piece of New Journalism that gave a very detailed portrait of Frank Sinatra, without ever having interviewed him. Talese undertook huge amounts of research, as did many of the New journalists, including Capote with In Cold Blood. Unlike Capote, Talese did not invent facts of characters. His article is, therefore, an example of New Journalism that falls under the category of a journalistic genre, as opposed to a distinctShow MoreRelatedEssay on New Journalism2295 Words à |à 10 PagesInverted pyramid. Unbiased news gathering. Objectivity in reporting. Professionalism. Routines that would regulate news reports, translating information to readers, regardless of geography. Journalism spent the better part of the 20th century routinizing the news, attempting to shed its seedy past of ââ¬Å"yellow journalismâ⬠amid the challenges of new technologies, first the radio, followed by the television. Then came the tumultuous 1950s and 1960s. Suddenly, the same tides of changes that were sweepingRead MoreOnline Journalism : A New Form Of Journalism929 Words à |à 4 PagesThe arrival of new media ha s significantly and drastically transformed the concept of journalism. Traditional journalism promotes authenticity, reliable sourcing and valid evidence through major media companies and the use of gate-keeping. This classic process is what provides factual information to their following about current world issues which also creates a trust with their audience. Citizen journalism is a new form of journalism that allows the general public to publish online. Citizen journalistsRead MoreYellow Journalism And Fake News1604 Words à |à 7 PagesYellow Journalism and Fake News Throughout history, we have seen several instances of war and peace. These issues are all delivered to us as the common population by means of reports and news. This is the lens that has shaped the way that we see the world and the aspects of the world that have to do with war in our society. We as a community are shaped by the media that we encounter. This is important to note because in an age when media is a part of nearly everything that we do in our day-to-dayRead MoreNews Analysis : News And Journalism2007 Words à |à 9 Pages All over the world, the news play an important role in the daily lives of everybody. If not exchanging information on the current issues, then there is the recap of what has transpired. This thus is the critical role played by the news industry collectively known as journalism. All over the world, the media has played a great role in making sure that the masses are up to date with what is happening. All the stakeholders work day and night to ensure the same. Various aspects come into play thoughRead MoreOnline Journalism : A New Wave Essay2132 Words à |à 9 PagesAMITY UNIVERSITY UTTAR PRADESH AMITY SCHOOL OF COMMUNICATION Cyber Media- Assignment Online Journalism: A New Wave Submitted By: Anubhuti Gupta Course: BJ MC Batch: 2012-2015 Enrolment No.: A2028712062 Introduction News-casting has been moderate to create different structures in reaction to the new settings gave by the web. One quickly creating structure, remarkable to the around the world web, is the weblog. This article audits the cases made by advocates of the structure and investigatesRead MoreJournalism Is Both Old And New. The Profession Has Been1098 Words à |à 5 PagesJournalism is both old and new. The profession has been around for hundreds of years, but it is always changing and reinventing itself. With these changes, the question of what is right and what is wrong is not always clear, but journalists still must attempt to answer those questions. Reporters, editors and anyone else practicing journalism must be held to a high standard of ethics across the board. Journalists owe it to the public to practice this high standard of reporting, as journalists workRead MoreBreaking News : Journalism Is Still Alive769 Words à |à 4 PagesBreaking News: Journalism is Still Alive Words can be powerful and heavy and most of all complicated. On the other hand, dictionaries cut everything short. The Merriam-Webster definition of journalism, for example, is especially simple and directââ¬âthe job of collecting, writing, and editing news stories for newspapers, magazines, television, or radio. This definition fails to recognize though that just because something is written and published in a newspaper or on a news site does not mean thatRead MoreAndrew Stephens s Beyond News : The Future Of Journalism891 Words à |à 4 Pagesperson can be objective because we have biases and a variety of conflicts that we bring to our jobs. Mitchell Stephens, author of Beyond News: The Future of Journalism offers an argument against objectivity. Stephens states that objectivity is impossible because as much as one may try to disappear from the work, there is a kind of meditation that takes place in journalism no matter what, (117). By selecting who to interview or which side of a complex political dispute to air, journalists are evaluatingRead MoreOnline Journalism and the New Media; Implications for Manà ¡Ã ¦S Social Development2777 Words à |à 12 PagesINTRODUCTION The new media announces a new period of media development in the world over, it is the one that preaches the significance of new communications technologies. The new media is not just a kind of information technology but also part and parcel of the social being of man in this modern society. At the threshold of this fairly new millennium (2000 A.D.), there was a sporadic turn-around in the existing branches of the global media. This catapulted the world into a new information orderRead More1) What Ethical Principles Should a Reporter Follow in Reporting/Writing a News Story to Ensure It Meets the Standards of Professional Journalism?1454 Words à |à 6 PagesIntroduction Nowadays, more and more people are place importance on journalismà ¡Ã ¦s ethics. It is because everything that a journalist writes or says, or neglects to write or to say, in some or other way has an influence on many people, and that influences can be good or bad. The principles of good journalism are directed toward bringing the highest quality of news reporting to the public, this fulfilling the mission of timely distribution of information in service of the public interest. Therefore Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-50320374726488070972019-12-17T05:08:00.001-08:002019-12-17T05:08:03.627-08:00The Problems Of Intellectual Property Rights - 2654 Words Professor Zili Yang Econ314 11.26.2014 Hyunsup Yoon The problems of Intellectual Property Rights In China Abstract After Deng Xiaopingââ¬â¢s reform and opening up policy in 1978, China recorded an annual average growth rate of 9.67 percent in China. This is approximately three times higher than the average annual growth rate of global economy which is 3.3% within the same period. Past 29 years, due to rapid growth rate, China ranked the 2nd in trade volume and size of economy. However, many side effects are appeared due to the rapid economic growth. This study will measure what is the current state of the worldââ¬â¢s counterfeit goods market, why people violate the IPR protection and produce counterfeit goods, what is the problem of IPR law enforcements and how violating law and producing counterfeit goods in China influence the world. Introduction Both economically and socially, influence of China is substantial. Economic and social status of China is firm that it can not be oversighted. However, intellectual property rights have been rising issues in China. First step to solve the problem is realize there is one. It is critical to recognize which elements are violating IPR. Basic systematic error of IPR and counterfeit culture in China are main factors for the obstacles. Current state of the worldââ¬â¢s counterfeit goods market ââ¬Å"Carratu International estimates that the global counterfeit market, which already accounts for 9% of world trade, will double in size over the nextShow MoreRelatedThe Idea Of Intellectual Property864 Words à |à 4 PagesThe idea of intellectual property has many correlations with the concept of the marketplace of idea. According to a common argument, intellectual property rights spark innovation, creating positive economic growth and benefits for all. Because the marketplace comparison is an economic one, there is a tendency to tie intellectual property with the marketplace of ideas. The key argument arises whether ideas- intangible resources, can be protected as property using the same concepts and social processesRead MoreEconomic And Social Status Of China1549 Words à |à 7 Pages Introduction Not only economically but socially, influences of China has been substantial. Economic and social status of China are firm that it can not be oversighted. However, law related intellectual property rights has been rising issues in China. First step to solve the problem is realize there is one. It is critical to recognize which elements are violating IPR. Basic systematic error of IPR and counterfeit culture in China are main factors for the obstacles. Current state of the worldââ¬â¢sRead MoreComputer Software Engineering : Stealing Intellectual Property And How It Hurts Legitimate Authors961 Words à |à 4 PagesAssignment ââ¬â 6 CSC 580 Advanced Software Engineering Stealing Intellectual property and how it hurts legitimate authors 1.Introduction of the intellectual property: Firstly, having intellectual property rights lays good foundation for the software industry. Indeed, the intellectual property rights means having the rights for the creation of his work. For instance, considering an example in the software profession if an individual develops a software code then the individual has the full authorityRead MoreLegal Liabilities of Board Members688 Words à |à 3 PagesProtecting legal property rights As the global trend is that of delivering more and more services, as opposed to manufacturing or agricultural products, and also in the face of rapidly evolving technologies, content creators are faced with the need to better safeguard their intellectual property. Within the software industry for instance, this requirement is ever increasing in importance, especially since infringements of property rights could lead to severe institutional problems, not short of bankruptcyRead More Copyright and the Internet Essay examples1425 Words à |à 6 Pages ââ¬Å"The printing press represented a supreme threat to the clergyââ¬â¢s monopoly on idea dissemination; moveable type was the fifteenth century version of Napsterâ⬠(Copyright Website). Copyright laws were instated to protect authors of various intellectual properties, (literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, architectural) and give credit to the proper author. Over the years copyright laws have changed dramatically, because of the development of the internet. Before the internet in order to be caught plagiarizingRead MoreIntellectual Property Rights And Digital Pirating1364 Words à |à 6 PagesINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND DIGITAL PIRATING Luke Telfer STATEMENT OF THE ISSUE The idea of intellectual property can be traced back to ancient Greece with the first known reference involving the protection of culinary recipes developed by chefs. According to the World Intellectual Property Organization, ââ¬Å"intellectual property refers to creations of the mind: inventions; literary and artistic works; and symbols, names and images used in commerce.â⬠The violation of intellectual property rightsRead MoreThe Economic Relations Between The Common People And Revenue Gaining People1596 Words à |à 7 Pagesrevenue gaining people are a matter of extensive debate. These two sides stand on opposite ends of a scale, one side is burdened with numerous problems and suffer economic inflictions continuously, while the other sides prospers and benefits, becoming even more powerful. Much like there being two sides to legal cases, the matter of patents and intellectual property is an issue that also garners the views of scholars and others. It is rarely that one would find both sides of an issue benefiting from theRead MoreChinese Foreign Trade Relations : Intellectual Property Enforcement Context1164 Words à |à 5 PagesChinese Foreign Trade Relations: Intellectual Property Enforcement Context I. Introduction American businesses are losing up to an estimated $60 billion each year in the global market from intellectual property violations. The problem continues to grow as more American companies invest overseas, and more products consist of intangible or intellectual property. American companies face more than just economic challenges: if losses of intellectual property rights continue to go unchecked, businessesRead MoreEthics And Technology : Controversies, Questions, And Strategies For Ethical Computing773 Words à |à 4 PagesControversies, Questions, and Strategies for Ethical Computing by Herman T. Tavani is about intellectual property disputes. Tavani defines intellectual property as an intangible form of property that is protected by a system of laws through which authors and inventors are given ownership rights over their creative works and inventions. There are four legal frameworks for protecting intellectual property. The first of these is copyright laws. Copyright laws protect authors. An author can alsoRead MoreLegal Protection And Intellectual Property Rights1175 Words à |à 5 PagesIntellectual property is defined in the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) as the creation of the mind. According to WIPO the work does not have to be literary in order to be protected. Names, images, symbols, designs..etc. are all protected. Intellectual property rights are mentioned in article 27 of the universal human rights act that gives the inventors and creators to benefit from their work. Those rights are obtained through registering patents, trademarks, and copyrights. There Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-78857069094207716122019-12-09T01:50:00.001-08:002019-12-09T01:50:04.249-08:00Commonwealth Bank of Australia Risk for Devices-myassignmenthelp Question: Discuss about theCommonwealth Bank of Australia Risk for Personal Device. Answer: Review Of The Project Financial services refer to a range of financial services provided by various players in the financial industry. They include services provided by banks, insurance companies, and government-sponsored enterprises among others. In broad terms, institutions operating in the financial sector are regarded as highly sensitive especially with regards to the security of their systems. Financial service providers are virtually present all over the world even in remote areas to satisfy the financial needs of individuals, groups, companies and other institutions (Gustav Kabanda,2016). The intermediary role played by financial service industry in Australias economy is quite significant. Individuals, government agencies, businesses and nonprofit organizations rely on this sector to either get funds when need be or dispose of excess cash which is then lent out to those who need it, technologists play a significant role in facilitating this transaction. Clients .Clients are the most important asset to the Commonwealth Bank of Australia. The bank is focused on establishing lasting cordial relationships with its various clients both depositors and debtors. The bank's clients include retail clients, institutional investors, financial sponsors, entrepreneurs, and corporations. Implementation of the project would mean that these clients needs attended to at any given time and with much efficiency (Felt,et al,2011) Employees. Employees are an important shareholder and an important asset to the bank. The company is focused on nurturing and developing the professional capability of their employees. The project might be limiting to employees to employees without such devices and an opportunity for those with the devices to enhance their professional prowess There are some legislation that would determine the ability of Commonwealth Bank of Australia to implement the project which includes Archives Act 1983, Privacy Act 1988 and Freedom of Information Act 1982 which were established as a necessity as a result of the risks that emanate from allowing employees to bring own devices at the workplace. If it can implement the project, the Bank will, therefore, be required to put in place certain control measures to ensure that it meets all legal obligations (Watkins, 2014). The bank would, therefore, be required to examine the implications of the project to both the business and its overall security. As per best standards requirements, commonwealth bank of Australia would be required to determine the implication of the project by analyzing an already existing real example, identify the existing regulations and legislation to facilitate compliance, put in place various support measures, both financial and technical and finally roll out the proj ect. The realization of this is solely dependent on the ICT department or the technological department of the Bank. Financial institutions are affected by many risks which can be categorized into. Credit risks Credit risks occur as a result of failure by debtors to pay what they owe a bank. Failure to pay can be as a result of inability by the debtor or unwillingness to pay. Credit risks are likely to affect Banks operations, its shareholders as well as its ability to issue fresh loans (Acharya, et al,2017) Legal risks Legal risks occur as a result of violation of legal standards set by government institutions as well as other regulatory bodies in which financial institutions are supposed to abide by. Legal risks affecting financial institutions include violation of security and fraud laws. Legal risks can have adverse effect towards the operation and the reputation of a financial institution like the Commonwealth Bank of Australia. Systematic risks Systematic risks occur as a result of changes in the value of an organizations assets. Systematic risks occur mostly a s a result of changes in the prevailing economic conditions such as changes in interests rates, changes in foreign exchange among others. Systematic risks can also have a significant impact on the operations of Bank (Acharya, et al,2017) With the possibility the occurrence of many risks therefore, any Financial Institution is therefore required to be aware of these risks among others so that it can put in place policies of identifying and addressing the risks before they can have a significant impact on their operations. Security Posture Modern organizations are faced with a myriad of challenges which continue to threaten their survival. While challenges can present an opportunity for an organization to put in place measures to avoid more devastating challenges, the emergence of serious challenges that can lead to ultimate incapacitation of an organization. Of major concern is the financial service sector whose data security is paramount especially due to the adverse effects that can result from any serious threat through infringement of banks systems and databases. Such data these would adversely affect not only the bank but also its various stakeholders who depend on the services offered by the bank (Shim, et al,2013)The management of Commonwealth Bank of Australia especially those in the IT department are tasked with the responsibility of ensuring that such threats are mitigated. It is their sole responsibility to protect the Banks systems, data and the privacy of its clients by adequately managing the bank's fina ncial information. Amid the increasing level of competition in the Australian financial sector, the Bank has no option but striving at providing the best data security measures in the industry. Commonwealth Bank of Australia has been viewed to be way ahead of its main competitors in as far as information security is concerned. With the many strategies undertaken by the Bank, implementation of the project allowing employees to bring their devices to the workplace is likely to have huge implications on its operations because employees might have unauthorized access to some of its crucial information from their devices which might lead to loss, damage or manipulation of data. While the project might have both positive and negative implications, it will be necessary for the Bank to undertake sufficient research to find out whether the benefits surpass the negative outcomes (Thomson,2012). Monitoring is key in managing any sensitive data or information form an organization. By allowing employees to bring their own devices this practice which is highly encouraged at the Bank is likely to be affected. Among the implications of this project to the bank is the reduction of system security assurance. The bank will also be able to monitor the working of their employees because the use of personal devices makes it relatively hard for the management to distinguish when employees are using the devices for personal undertakings or work-related tasks. The project will also facilitate deviation from the banks secured use of sensitive information to the unsecured use of such information. It is also possible that such devices might be stolen thus risking the Banks sensitive information. The project also comes with an additional budget for the company, implication on its human resources, compliance regulations as well as legal obligations and liabilities. To regulate such implication s, Commonwealth Bank of Australia will need to put in place regulatory policies stipulating the terms of use of personal devices (Miller,Voas Hurlburt,2012). Reasons for implementing a BYOD Policy There are numerous reasons to why an organization can organization can adopt the use of a BYOD policy which include improving the real time productivity and engagement of employees because the policy makes them more satisfied and provide results from any location, creating a smarter and skilled labor force, to introduce a more flexible strategy at the work place, reduce hardware investment by a company among other benefits. Return on Investment is used to ascertain the cost reduction achieved by a project over certain duration of time. This method can be used by Commonwealth Bank of Australia to analyze the long-term impact of implementing a BYOD policy. Return on Investment is calculated as follows Net Profit / Total Investment * 100 Commonwealth Bank of Australia must, therefore, undertake an evaluation of the merits and demerits of the project and its overall implications on the Banks' goals and mission. This will then be followed by formulation of policies to regulate the use of personal devices and the general security of the Banks systems. The Bank may also hire the services of solution providers whose main responsibilities will be assessing the risks associated with the project, formulation of different projects to govern the project as well as coming up with control measures to facilitate implementation of these policies. Commonwealth Bank of Australia will, therefore, be required to notify their employees on what to expect upon implementation of the project regarding the privacy of their personal information which might need to be subjected to company monitoring (Pillay,et al,2013) Implementation of BYOD project will require the bank to consider its ability to remove the banks information from employees devices upon their departure from the bank, clarify on what devices, platforms, and networks that can be used in these devices including any associated prohibitions to use such devices, avail a procedure to address possible theft of these devices in order to protect Banks Information and clarifying on the consequences of any violations from employees regarding the use of personal devices. The bank should also establish its ability to access and have control over information belonging to it including the use of mobile device management system as well as identify support limitations resulting from these devices to ensure that they are addressed. Before implementing the Common program wealth Bank is also required to analyze how the project is likely to affect the various stakeholders and the bank at large and therefore it should solicit views from its employees, th e finance department, its legal advisers and finally its technological team (Ghosh, Gajar Rai,2013). The solution lies in the Banks ability to use smart policies and compliance; such policies would include an adoption of a formal mobile policy that stipulates consequences of violation, sufficient security measures use of training programs to solve mobile liabilities. A mobile policy would include ensuring that each device that is being used by an employee is remote wipe enabled. Although the process might require much time and resources, it will save the Bank a significant amount of resources that it might incur in an instance where these devices are used to break the law (Moyer,2013). Threats, Vulnerabilities, And Consequences Although highly considered for their useful functionality and high efficiency at the workplace, technological devices such as iPads, mobile phones, laptops, and ipads have come with numerous challenges that continue to affect not only employees but also their employers. Recent studies have shown an increase in the usage of usage of own smart phones and tablets for business with the number expected to keep rising (Morrow,2012). The number of Companies allowing employees to make use of their devices for business has also continued to rise with a recent research predicting that at least 38% of global companies will have implemented Bring Your Device into their operations. This is also a trend that has been witnessed 2017 which has recorded a significant increase in the level of usage of personal devices by employees at the workplace. This is to signify perhaps the Importance that some employers attach to the use of personal devices for business. However, adoption of BYOD Policy requires employers to shift their focus to remain updated on changes in technology as well as being mindful of data security and privacy issues (Lebek, Degirmenci Breitner, 2013). For the Commonwealth Bank of Australia, the implementation of the project allowing employees to use their devices for business will, therefore, come with threats, vulnerabilities, and consequences for both the Bank and its Employees. As such, the Bank will find it necessary to focus on changes in technology and regularly address security and privacy issues arising a result of the project (Garba,et al,2015) There are various risks associated with the implementation of the project. By allowing its employees to use personal devices for official purposes, the Bank will commit itself to any violations committed by their employees through the use of personal devices, For any offense broken by their employees, Commonwealth Bank of Australia will be held responsible (Ghosh, Gajar Rai, 2013). A good example of such risks would be where a driver of the bank causes an accident because of using a cell phone while driving as it was the case of the COCA-COLA Company driver who hit a woman while on the phone in 2016. The cases of Employers being sued for employee use of personal devices have been on the rise in the recent past ( Bzur, 2013).There, therefore, some risks that Commonwealth Bank of Australia will be faced with as a result of implementing this project. Abstracted driving Distracted driving is one of the most common risks that result from the use of personal devices at work. The impact of this can be quite huge for a company. The use of mobile phones by drivers while driving can result in unwarranted legal battles as well as penalties due to injuries or deaths of road users. Risks associated with distracted driving is, therefore, one of the risks that Commonwealth Bank of Australia is likely to be faced with as a result of allowing employees to use their devices at work (French, Guo Shim,2014). Loss of devices with unsecured data Lost devices can pose risks not only for Companies but also for individuals. Due to the sensitivity of information handled by monetary institutions, loss of personal devices such as phones or tablets used by employees in their daily duties may lead to leaking out of secrets and sensitive information about the Banks Clients and employees. Such information may end up being used against the company in legal suits (Burt,2011). Sexual Harassment Sexual harassment at the workplace is one of the major risks of allowing employees to bring their devices. Sexting is the most common form of sexual harassment used by adults. It is the process where someone sends another person sexually explicit messages or photographs through mobile phones. Sexting is classified together with speaking inappropriately to a colleague at the workplace (French, Guo Shim,2014). However, unlike the use of inappropriate language at the workplace done orally, Sexting using personal devices at the workplace presents concrete evidence that can be used against the Bank. Content posted on social media The final risk that the Bank is faced with has to do with the content posted on social media using employees devices. It is a common practice by some companies that social media sites be blocked from the companys network; however, with the adoption of this project, it might be difficult to regulate what is posted on social media by employees. Some of the risks associated with social media might include racist comments posted on Facebook by an employee using a BYOD device or an inappropriate photo such as that of an employee trespass (Guan, 2012). All these can be used against the Bank in legal suits and therefore making the Bank liable for violation of the Law. Companies cannot afford to ignore the increasing rates of adopting BYOD that has been caused by the rise in the use of technology. By implementing the project, Commonwealth Bank of Australia will allow usage of employees devices such as smart phones, laptops, and tablets for official duties instead of company-provided devices. Among the information stored in such devices might include inventory, mobile schedules, photos and training videos among others to facilitate easy access of data. While the practice of allowing employees to bring their own devices at eth workplace is becoming a norm, there are many consequences that Commonwealth Bank of Australia might be subjecting itself to by implementation of the project (Mansfield-Devine,2012). Resentment by employees By implementing the project, the Bank will force its employees to incur extra costs to acquire the requisite devices for those who might not be having them. Requesting employees to purchase new devices for work purposes might, therefore, leave them unhappy. Additionally, the costs of usage and transportation are also likely to be pegged on employees (Scarfo,2012) It is likely that employees will be unwilling to shoulder this cost. Too much usage of personal devices for work-related tasks also makes them depreciate within a short period. Among the considerations that The Bank might be considered before implementation of the project will be determining who will be responsible for any repairs on the personal devices. Additionally, the issue of costs associated with the loss of the device while at work can also lead to resentment on the part of employees (Zahadat,et all,2015) Reduced productivity Another consequence of the use of personal devices by employees can be associated with their distractive nature. By using their devices at the workplace, employees are more likely to spend a considerable amount of their productive hours on social sites such as Whatsapp, Facebook Instagram, and Twitter. While the Bank desires to maximize profits, the implementation of the project will result in a distraction of employees from their primary duties which will directly affect their productivity. The small amount of time spent by one employee to send a text message to a friend or surf the web can collectively lead to wastage of so much time which will reduce the overall productivity of the Bank (Mitrovic,et al,2015) Little Control over the Device By allowing the use of personal devices, the bank will also have little control over them. Although the Bank might result in restrictions on the files that can be activated by the device there some employees as a result of their technological prowess might jailbreak such restrictions and gain access to restricted content (Wiech,2013). Data Security Risks Increased entry points for hackers The use of personal devices in the workplace increases the chances of hacking of an organizations systems. While hacking in a situation where all the Banks desktops are within its premises might be relatively difficult, having employees work from their mobile phones or laptops makes it possible to hack from multiple points thus making it easier for hackers to get hold of sensitive information from the bank (Downer Bhattacharya, 2015) Access to Unsecured Wi-Fi Accessing of unsecured Wi-Fi can be quite risky to the bank's data. Allowing use of personal devices would mean that employees will use the same devices that they use to access unsecured Wi-Fi Connections at restaurants, their homes or even at the Airport. Such unsecured networks can facilitate easy hacking of the Banks systems (Suby,2013). Discoverability of data This can be the case where there is a loss of the devices. Any loss resulting from theft or employees carelessness puts the employers data which is stored on the device at risk. Additionally, the project also means that the privacy of employees will also be at stake. For example, in the case of any legal proceedings, personal devices being used by an employee might b explored by the employer or a third party if need be. Some of the personal information that could be explored includes information contained in social media accounts, geographical location or even private photos. This could be against the wishes of the employee (Song, 2014). People leaving the Bank Sometimes employees might leave a company abruptly without prior notice. In such a situation where employees leave the Bank without notice, the management might not have time to remove the bank's information and passwords which might facilitate unauthorized access to the Banks systems by former employees (Vijayan Hardy,2015). Creation of a data classification scheme is the first step in the process of classifying data .It is then followed by the creation of security standards which set the appropriate practices of managing data. The following is an example of a data classification scheme Category 1: This category of data is available for public display, and may include a companys contact information. Category 2: This category represents internal data that can be accessed by Companys stakeholders such as an organization chart. Category 3: Under this category is sensitive organizations data whose leakage to unauthorized persons can significantly affect an organization. Example include a companys contracts with third parties Category 4: This category represents highly sensitive data such as customers account information. Its disclosure can lead to legal tussle for an organization Category 4: highly sensitive data that could put the company in legal of financial risk if disclosed, for example, customer account information and employee social security numbers. Data classification Risks Risk Mitigation Category 2 data loss, defective deletion employee education Category 3 data loss digital signatures, encryption, Category 4 Theft Authorization, digital signatures and biometrics Risks and Risk Mitigation for various data categories Conclusion In conclusion, BYOD Policy is a concept that has gained momentum in the recent past as per the recent statistics of the number of organizations that are embracing it. Commonwealth Bank of Australia intends to join the list of companies that use this policy by implementing its project that will require their employees to use personal devices to be used as the main devices for performing their work tasks. However, successful implementation of the program will depend upon an analysis of numerous factors as well as the inclusion of various shareholders within the Organization. Commonwealth Bank of Australia will, therefore, be required to conduct a cost-benefit analysis of the proposed project before its implementation as well as the various considerations and measures that will be laid out to facilitate successful implementation of the project. Among the considerations that the Bank will need to look at are the various laws governing the use of personal devices at the workplace by emplo yees to facilitate co0mpliance by both the employees and the management. However, the implementation of the project will come with many challenges that the company will be required to mitigate. The associated threats, vulnerabilities, and consequences will affect both employees and the management. Among the risks that the Bank will be faced with are legal liabilities in case of violation of the exciting laws regarding the use of personal devices by the employees, abstracted driving, increases of sexual harassment among employees, associated risks of social media content ,possibility of loss of devices with unsecured data resentment by employees, loss of productivity for employees and the bank and Managements loss of control over devices used by employees in performing their work tasks. The Bank will also be faced with many data security risks including the risk of its systems being hacked from multiple points, the risk of former employees of the bank being able to access the Banks c onfidential information and the risk of discoverability of data. References Gustav, A., Kabanda, S. (2016). BYOD adoption concerns in the South African financial institution sector. InCONF-IRM(p. 59). Acharya, V. V., Pedersen, L. H., Philippon, T., Richardson, M. (2017). Measuring systemic risk.The Review of Financial Studies,30(1), 2-47. Zahadat, N., Blessner, P., Blackburn, T., Olson, B. A. (2015). BYOD security engineering: A framework and its analysis.Computers Security,55, 81-99. Song, Y. (2014). Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) for seamless science inquiry in a primary school.Computers Education,74, 50-60. Guan, L. (2012). Established BYOD management policies needed.Government News,32(2), 9. Bzur,A.,(2013).4 Risks When Employees Bring Their Own Devices to Work.Inc. Ballagas, R., Rohs, M., Sheridan, J. G., Borchers, J. (2014, September). Byod: Bring your own device. InProceedings of the Workshop on Ubiquitous Display Environments, Ubicomp(Vol. 2004). Moyer, J. E. (2013). Managing mobile devices in hospitals: A literature review of BYOD policies and usage.Journal of Hospital Librarianship,13(3), 197-208. Lebek, B., Degirmenci, K., Breitner, M. H. (2013). Investigating the influence of security, privacy, and legal concerns on employees' intention to use BYOD mobile devices. Suby, M. (2013). The 2013 (ISC) 2 Global Information Security Workforce Study.Frost Sullivan in partnership with Booz Allen Hamilton for ISC2. Mitrovic, Z., Veljkovic, I., Whyte, G., Thompson, K. (2014, November). Introducing BYOD in an organisation: the risk and customer services view points. InThe 1st Namibia Customer Service Awards Conference(pp. 1-26). Burt, J. (2011). BYOD trend pressures corporate networks.eweek,28(14), 30-31. Shim, J. P., Mittleman, D., Welke, R., French, A. M., Guo, J. C. (2013). Bring your own device (BYOD): Current status, issues, and future directions. Smith, A. D. (2009). Internet retail banking: A competitive analysis in an increasingly financially troubled environment. Information Management Computer Security, 17(2), 127-150. Ghosh, A., Gajar, P. K., Rai, S. (2013). Bring your own device (BYOD): Security risks and mitigating strategies. Journal of Global Research in Computer Science, 4(4), 62-70. French, A. M., Guo, C., Shim, J. P. (2014). Current Status, Issues, and Future of Bring Your Own Device (BYOD).CAIS,35, 10. Garba, A. B., Armarego, J., Murray, D., Kenworthy, W. (2015). Review of the information security and privacy challenges in Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) environments.Journal of Information privacy and security,11(1), 38-54. Zahadat, N., Blessner, P., Blackburn, T., Olson, B. A. (2015). BYOD security engineering: A framework and its analysis.Computers Security,55, 81-99. Watkins, B. (2014). The impact of cyber attacks on the private sector.Briefing Paper, Association for International Affair, 12. Ghosh, A., Gajar, P. K., Rai, S. (2013). Bring your own device (BYOD): Security risks and mitigating strategies.Journal of Global Research in Computer Science,4(4), 62-70. Downer, K., Bhattacharya, M. (2015, December). BYOD security: A new business challenge. InSmart City/SocialCom/SustainCom (SmartCity), 2015 IEEE International Conference on(pp. 1128-1133). IEEE. Vijayan, J., Hardy, G. M. (2015). Security Spending and Preparedness in the Financial Sector: A SANS Survey. Morrow, B. (2012). BYOD security challenges: control and protect your most sensitive data.Network Security,2012(12), 5-8. Chin, E., Felt, A. P., Greenwood, K., Wagner, D. (2011, June). Analyzing inter-application communication in Android. InProceedings of the 9th international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services(pp. 239-252). ACM. French, A. M., Guo, C., Shim, J. P. (2014). Current Status, Issues, and Future of Bring Your Own Device (BYOD).CAIS,35, 10. Mansfield-Devine, S. (2012). Interview: BYOD and the enterprise network.Computer fraud security,2012(4), 14-17. Thomson, G. (2012). BYOD: enabling the chaos.Network Security,2012(2), 5-8. Felt, A. P., Chin, E., Hanna, S., Song, D., Wagner, D. (2011, October). Android permissions demystified. InProceedings of the 18th ACM conference on Computer and communications security(pp. 627-638). ACM. Wiech, D. (2013). The benefits and risks of BYOD.Manufacturing Business Technology. Zahadat, N., Blessner, P., Blackburn, T., Olson, B. A. (2015). BYOD security engineering: A framework and its analysis.Computers Security,55, 81-99. Scarfo, A. (2012, November). New security perspectives around BYOD. InBroadband, Wireless Computing, Communication and Applications (BWCCA), 2012 Seventh International Conference on(pp. 446-451). IEEE. Pillay, A., Diaki, H., Nham, E., Senanayake, S., Tan, G., Deshpande, S. (2013). Does BYOD increase risks or drive benefits.Melbourne, The University of Melbourne. Miller, K. W., Voas, J., Hurlburt, G. F. (2012). BYOD: Security and privacy considerations.It Professional,14(5), 53-55. Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-18415462012417738962019-12-01T13:31:00.001-08:002019-12-01T13:31:04.977-08:00The mayor of casterbridge Essay ExampleThe mayor of casterbridge Paper The Mayor of Casterbridge-Thomas Hardy How The Mayor of Casterbridge reflects the social, historical and cultural influences of the period and place in which it is set and during which Hardy lived. The Mayor of Casterbridge was written in the second part of the nineteenth century by the novelist Thomas Hardy. He based it on Dorchester and how he remembered the town from his boyhood days during the 1840s. The story circles around a prosperous businessman, Michael Henchard, his shady past and his prosperous present. It shows the power of the corn trade in the early years and also the impact of a newfound belief in the period- Fate. In this essay I will be analysing the book and its contents to see how it reflects the social, historical and cultural influences of the era in which it is set. As a skilled architect, and having a great eye for detail, Hardy included large pieces of narrative about Casterbridge and the key buildings in his novel. His first, general description about the layout of Casterbridge came early on in the book: It was compact as a box of dominoes. It had no suburbs- in the ordinary sense. Country and town met at a mathematical line. From the centre of each side of this tree bound square ran avenues east, west and south into the wide expanse of corn-land and coomb to the distance of a mile or so. As Elizabeth Jane and Susan entered the town, Hardy added a bit of information about the houses on the main street: There were timber houses with overhanging stories, whose small-paned lattices were screened by dimity curtains on a drawing-string, and under whose barge-boards old cobwebs waved in the breeze. There were houses of brick-nogging We will write a custom essay sample on The mayor of casterbridge specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The mayor of casterbridge specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The mayor of casterbridge specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer There were slate roofs patched with tiles, and tile roofs patched with slate, with occasionally a roof of thatch. Henchards house is also described, but with surprisingly little detail compared to accounts of other houses. It is described as dull red and grey brick, open front door and a very large garden. This building still exists today, even though it is now Barclays bank and there is no sign of a large garden at the back! Henchards yard is described as, flanked by hay barns with wooden granaries on stone-saddles including, a store house several floors high. Into which, if you looked, you could see, A closely packed throng of bursting wheat packs. In contrast, Lucettas house and its features are described in great detail, from the house itself: It was Palladian, and, like most architecture erected since the Gothic age, was a compilation rather than a design. It was rich but not rich enough. A timely consciousness of the ultimate vanity of human architecture. To the keystone of the door: Originally the mask had exhibited a comic leer, as could still be discerned; but generations of Casterbridge boys had thrown stones at the mask, aiming at the open mouth; and the blows thereon had chopped off the lips and jaws as if they had been eaten away by disease. The three mariners is described as: Built of mellow sandstone, with mullion windows of the same material, markedly out of perpendicular from the settlement of foundations. The bay window projecting into the street, whose interior was so popular among the frequenters of the inn, was closed with shutters. In a time where motorcars were practically non-existent, there were only a few limited and slow ways of getting to a destination. Sometimes they might have been seen on foot, sometimes on farmers wagons and sometimes in carriers vans. This was, of course, referring to Elizabeth Jane and Susans journey to find Henchard. The trip must have been rough, but they could afford no more. For those who were much wealthier however, they could afford to use such things as flys and gigs, which were horse drawn carriages. We see Elizabeth Jane using a fly to transport her belongings to High-Place Hall, something she would not have been able to do if she had not met Henchard; Farfrae had his own gig, which is mentioned several times throughout the novel and finally the carriage that was used on Henchards and Susans wedding day; a brougham. Susan Henchard entered a carriage for the first time in her life when she stepped into the plain brougham which drew up at the door on the wedding day. Because of this lack of transport, even distances that we think of as short, such as 35 miles, must have seemed enormous to the people of those days. Hardy does give us an example of this in The Mayor of Casterbridge; two lovers being split up when the male gets a job in another town. It ends up with the two acknowledging that they will probably never see each other again. Thirty-five mile! she murmured. Ah! tis enough! I shall never see ee again! The Mayor of Casterbridge reflects the customs of the time very accurately. It shows Elizabeth Jane waiting on tables in her hotel to earn the right to stay in one of the rooms with her mother. But we are told that in all but the most isolated tows this custom has almost died out. A curfew was still rung in the in the town, but not for the original reasons. Hardy tells us that now, at eight oclock it is rung for the shop owners to shut up shop and go home. We read that the town pump was a regular meeting place of the townspeople. Their own water sources, be they wells or streams were known to be less pure than the water from the town pump, so many people drank from there. The drinking of ale was a different matter altogether. In those days there was no imported beer, and there was very little selection, if any at all, so it was still the custom to brew ale in the pubs themselves. It was also known that people brewed their own beer at home and a favourite breakfast was freshly brewed ale and pigeon pie! But life in the town was not all drinking ale and going to the pub. Some of the bigger and more important customs of the time are reflected in the novel as well. Candlemass Fair was held on the 14th of February, and it was the main day of hiring of hands for the corn yards. Lady day was the day soon after (6th of April) when the current years contracts expired. If you hadnt managed to get your contract renewed or found a new job, this is the day that you were made officially unemployed. When we read about Henchard in the pub for the first time in 21 years, we see that the local choir and musicians from the church go into the three mariners every Sunday for a half pint of ale. When some one died, in this case, Mrs Henchard, there were a few customs that she wanted to be followed. She asked to be dressed in: My coffin clothes; a piece of flannel- thats to put under me, and the little piece is to put under my head; and my new stockings for my feet And theres four ounce pennies, the heaviest I could find, a-tied up in bits of linen, for weights-two for my right eye and two for my left. Bury the pennies, good souls, and dont ye go spending em, for I shouldnt like that. Finally, one of the customs written about in The Mayor of Casterbridge and which plays the biggest part in the whole story is the skimmity, or skimminton ride. Basically a skimmity ride is to name and shame a couple who had an affair or who were considered to have done something wrong. An effigy of each of the persons was placed onto a back of a horse and was paraded around for all to see. Even though this did happen in the story, in real life things of this sort were becoming less and less common. Of course in Hardys day there was no television, radio or computers and so their idea of entertainment is much different to ours. Even though there are only a few references to entertainment in the novel, it is surprising how much we have changed. Near the start of the story we hear Farfrae singing Its hame, and its hame, hame fain would I be, Oh hame, hame, hame to my ain countree! And it is made clear in the novel that this isnt a one off event. It was quite common to go down to the pub and sing or play music for entertainment; the better the voice the more attention that was paid to you. We also hear about a public hanging in Maumbury rings, an old roman Amphitheatre on the outskirts of Dorchester. Great crowds gathered to watch the spectacle and after the main event, articles of clothing, the rope and even strands of hair were put on sale for souvenirs, and were, by some people, believed to have magical healing powers. Like nowadays, people in the past have always enjoyed a good party with lots of dancing, fun and games, and this is shown by all of the preparations that Henchard made for his festivities; He advertised about the town, in long posters of a pink colour, that games of all sorts would take place here; and set to work a little battalion of men under his own eye. They erected greasy poles for climbing, with smoked hams and local cheese at the top hurdles in rows for jumping across the river they lay a slippery pole, with a live pig tied at the other end, to become the property of the man who could walk over there were also provided wheelbarrows for racing, donkeys for the same, a stage for boxing, wrestling, and drawing blood generally; sacks for jumping in. There are many references to costume in the story. The first is of Henchard as a young man of 21 whose profession and life was on the road, looking for work as a hay trusser: He wore a short jacket of brown corduroy, newer than the remainder of his suit, which was a fustian waistcoat white horn buttons, breeches of the same, tanned leggings a straw hat overlaid with black glazed canvas carried by a looped strap a rush basket, from which protruded at one end the crutch of a hay knife, a wimble for hay bonds, being also visible in the aperture. And as his character progresses through the story, his clothing changes to match his status in society. In the Kings Arms when he is first seen as the prosperous mayor of Casterbridge, his wealth was demonstrated clearly in his attire because He was dressed in an old fashioned evening suit, an expanse of frilled shirt showing, on his broad breast; jewelled studs, and a heavy gold chain. When he went to see Lucetta he dressed up in some of his finest clothes; He wore genteel cloth leggings with white buttons, polished boots with infinite lace holes, light cord breeches under a black velveteen coat and waistcoat; and he had a silver topped switch in his hand. But when he made the fatal mistake of predicting the weather, causing him to loose all of his belongings and money, he had to go from living in one of the biggest and cleanest houses in the town to living with Jopp in a small and less than hygienic cottage. He looked a far different journeyman from the one he had been in his earlier days. Then he had worn clean, suitable clothes, light and cheerful in hue; leggings yellow as marigolds, corduroys immaculate as new flax, and a neckerchief like a flower garden. Now he wore the remains of an old blue cloth suit of hid gentlemanly times, a rusty silk hat, and a once black satin stock, soiled and shabby. When we first see Elizabeth Jane she is dressed in modest clothes, dusty from her long journey to Casterbridge, but after she had met her father, and had the opportunity to see what money can buy, she started dressing in more elaborate clothes. We now see her in a black silk bonnet, velvet mantle or silk spencer, dark dress, and carrying a sunshade. In this latter article she drew the line at fringe, and had it plain edged, with a little ivory ring for keeping it closed. Henchard, instead of being cautious of spoiling Elizabeth Jane, eggs her on; Henchard gave Elizabeth Jane a box of delicately tinted gloves one spring day. She wanted to wear them to show her appreciation of his kindness, but she had not bonnet that would harmonise. As an artistic indulgence she thought she would have such a bonnet. When she had a bonnet that would go with the gloves she had no dress that would go with the bonnet. She had no sunshade to go with the dress.in for a penny in for a pound; she bought the sunshade, and the whole structure was at last complete. On her wedding day, Elizabeth Jane went for simplicity, showing how she had matured and had a chance to develop her style. She was in a dress of white silk or satin, he was not near enough to say which- snowy white, without a tinge of milk or cream. During the story there are few descriptions of the dress of the lower classes, but when the furmity seller was called into court for being drunk and disorderly we get a good account of the clothes worn. Attired in a shawl of that nameless tertiary hue which comes, but cannot be made- a hue neither tawny, russet, hazel, nor ash; a sticky black bonnet that seemed to have been warn in the country of the Psalmist where the clouds drop fatness; and an apron that had been white in times so comparatively recent as still to contrast visibly with the rest of her clothes. In Mixen lane there is also a special dress code of many of the women; (There was a) Frequency of white aprons over dingy gowns among the women around the doorways. A white apron is a suspicious vesture in situations where spotlessness is difficult. Hardys novel gives a good insight into the moral values of the time. Everything from the segregation of the classes to what was right and wrong in the eyes of the people of that time. When Elizabeth Jane and Susan enter the fair at the start of the story Susan makes her way over to talk to the furmity seller to see if she could get any information on the whereabouts of her husband, Mike. As she walks over, Elizabeth Jane tries to stop her saying, Dont speak to her- it isnt respectable! and after Susan returned to her daughter after paying the furmity seller for her refreshments, Elizabeth Jane reminds her mother again; It was hardly respectable for you to buy refreshments there. As they arrive in Casterbridge and look for lodgings, Elizabeth Jane comes across the Three Mariners, and even though it would have been too expensive to stay there if Elizabeth Jane had not been able to get a job, she insisted that she and her mother must stay there as, We must be respectable. As the plot progressed and Henchard met Susan at Maumbury Rings, he tells her that as an important businessman, Mayor and churchwarden, he would face disgrace if Elizabeth Jane found out about his past. Eventually Henchard told Susan that he would Meet you, court you and marry you and Susan agreed saying. I like the idea of repeating our marriage It seems the only right course. It appears that they thought that if they told of their past they would probably be ridiculed and snubbed by others, but they had to go through the whole process of courting again as it was counted as extremely suspicious if a man married, or even invited a woman into his house without going through the proper motions of meeting and courting first. Henchards affair with Lucetta, or Lucette as he knew her in Jersey would have posed certain ruin for him and Lucetta. Affairs in those days were total scandal and if people learnt about them, those involved would face a life of misery, being mocked by those around them. Nowadays a relationship that does not end in marriage is commonplace, but in those days it was very serious. Now you will, I am sure, perceive that the one condition that will make any future happiness possible for me is that the past connection between our lives be kept secret outside this isle. Even something relatively insignificant such as the Mayors daughter dancing with the farm manager (Farfrae) was a little out of the ordinary, it would have turned heads certainly. Peoples philosophies and their beliefs were certainly very different to what they are today. As I have said before, the era that The Mayor of Casterbridge was set in was a time of great change, and this was shown especially in the smaller towns of the country. New machines were introduced to make farming easier; the seed drill; Till then unknown, in its modern shape, in this part of the country, where the venerable seed-lip was still used for sowing. The new technology was for some, baffling; It might have been likened to an upright musical instrument with the front gone. That was how it struck Lucetta. Why, it is a sort of agricultural piano. When Farfrae started working for Henchard, he found in his books a mass of numerical fogs. Before his entry onto Henchards business, Henchard used to reckon his sacks by chalk strokes all in a row like garden-palings, measure his ricks by stretching with his arms, weigh his trusses by a lift, judge his hay by a chaw, and settle the price with a curse. But after Farfrae had spent a little time with Henchards company, he started measuring with weights and measuring rods, and recording all transactions on paper. This reflects what was happening all over the country at this time, farmers were abandoning all of their old ways to catch up with technology and produce better goods. We also see that even though newer technology was being developed, at the point of the visit of the royal personage- Prince Albert- we hear that the steam train had not yet reached Casterbridge, and travel by coach was the only way for the Prince to get to where he was going. Education was starting to affect both those who lived in the town and worked on the farm. Even though they still used sayings such as Im as clammy as a cockle snail. Such words as hag-rid and leery were replaced by indigestion and tired. You can see the impact of education on even the smallest of details in the story. At the start of the tale we read the sign outside of the furmity tent as Good Furmity Sold Hear. But when Susan returns to the fair about 18 years later the sign reads: Good Furmity Sold Here. And a definite improvement in spelling is shown. Peoples philosophies were changing as well. Even though education was beginning to make an impact, people in remote towns and villages still maintained some of their own beliefs and limited views. When Farfrae meets some locals in the bar, they comment on his homeland, Scotland, saying: Land of perpetual snow as we may say, where wolves and wild boars and other dangerous, animalcules be as common as blackbirds hereabout. Church and religion was still a major part of many peoples lives, but many of these people were starting to dabble in other beliefs as well. Henchard was the churchwarden, and he had also been religious enough to take a gospel oath 21 years before to give up alcohol, but when in trouble, he went to the weather prophet to try and sort out his problems. Witchcraft was not acceptable, but this did not deter people from trying to sort out their lives with it. Fate was becoming one of the major extra beliefs at the time. People were beginning to think that not everything was done by Gods will and that there may be some other omnipotent force controlling their lives as well. This force became known as Fate. This belief is reflected in Hardys writing very clearly, and he gives us many examples of Fate in the lives of the main characters. Just a few instances are the sale of rum in the furmity tent when Susan had taken Mike in there to avoid the ale and cider in the other tents; Susan returning to Mike just when he was about to marry Lucetta; Farfrae meeting Lucetta when he had gone to see Elizabeth Jane on Henchards permission; the effigy killing Lucetta when she had everything to live for and saving Henchard when he had nothing to loose; Newson turning up just as Henchard was getting closer to Izzy; finally Elizabeth Jane forgiving her father, but finding him half- an- hour after he had died. The whole plot relies on the belief of Fate. But even though all of these new beliefs were appearing, some of the older superstitions were being lost. New ideas were that nature was in fact, indifferent to man and his actions. To demonstrate this, sometimes Hardy wrote so that nature reflected the main characters feelings. We see this after Henchard has found out that Elizabeth Jane is not his own, and in a foul mood he goes for a walk next to the river. As he contemplates on the direction that his life is taking Hardy describes his surroundings, The whole way along here was sunlesswhite frosts lingered here. He also describes the river itself, The river- slow, noiseless and dark- the Schwartzwasser of Casterbridge. And adds that further down the river, The water roared down a back-hatch like the voice of desolation. But sometimes Hardy described the weather to be the exact opposite to what the character was feeling. Just after Henchard had left Elizabeth, and was very upset; The bright autumn sun shining in his eyes across the stubble awoke him the next morning early. In his tale Hardy includes a range of different historical notes that remind us of which era he was writing in, but he also included real events and incorporated real places into his story. In his original preface he tells us that three of the main topics in his story which were based on real events were the visit of a royal personage, the corn trade and the sale of a wife. The sale of the wife was, in my opinion, one of the most crucial points of the whole plot. If it hadnt happened, the whole life of Henchard as we know it would never have happened. Hardy got the idea from an edition of the Dorset County Chronicle between the dates of 1826-1830. The corn trade was also very important. In The Mayor of Casterbridge Hardy demonstrates the power of the corn trade by showing how it can give you all of the money you ever dreamt of, but also take it all away by having just one bad harvest. Henchard was at the peak of his life, he was Mayor, churchwarden and a successful businessman, but by the end of one bad year when he had gambled just a bit too much on the turnout of the weather, he had lost it all, his wealth, business and house. The corn trade continued to toy with farmers lives until the repeal of the Corn Laws in 1846. Up until then the Corn Laws had forbidden any importation of wheat or corn and so if it was a bad harvest there was a shortage of good bread. Because of this, before the Corn Laws had been repealed the corn trade ruled the lives of everyone involved. The Mayor of Casterbridge is a very accurate and detailed account of life in the 1840s. It is a valuable source of information about the era, and reflects the social, historical and cultural influences of the period in a descriptive, but entertaining and interesting way. Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-960048767646063322019-11-26T16:59:00.001-08:002019-11-26T16:59:03.229-08:00Free Essays on Kants Categorical Imperative, act as if your action could be a universal law that applies to everyone, at all times. Kant gives four examples that show how certain duties can apply to the categorical imperative. In each case, individuals... Free Essays on Kant's Categorical Imperative Free Essays on Kant's Categorical Imperative Kant starts out from the presumption that an action is moral only if it is good ââ¬Å"in itselfâ⬠. Moral actions must have pure motivations. Otherwise they would be based on some other motivation separate from the true goodness of the action. Also, moral action cannot be based on a goal. An action with no goal is good in itself and not just good because of a certain outcome. Kant emphasizes the idea that pure moral principles must be grasped a priori. Pure ideas are considered a priori and they are not based on our perception of things. All other things, however, are dependent on the circumstances. Kant describes two different kinds of principles, hypothetical imperatives and categorical imperatives. ââ¬Å"Hypothetical imperatives represent the practical necessity of a possible action as means to something else that is willed.â⬠(87a) So a hypothetical imperative is something that has a motivation, and is aimed at a specific goal. Most of the things people do are hypothetical imperatives. For example, any skill a person might have and practice is aimed at some purpose, therefore it is a hypothetical imperative. ââ¬Å"The categorical imperative would be an imperative that represented an action as necessary in itself without reference to another end-i.e., as objectively necessary.â⬠(87b) Categorical imperatives are good in themselves and are not bases on specific goals and outcomes. Therefore, categorical imperatives are a priori concepts. It is difficult to judge whether someone has a motive other than a pure categorical imperative, so Kant has a universal law to validate it. The law Kant suggests is ââ¬Å"Act as if the maxim of your action were to become by your will a universal law of nature.â⬠(89a) In other words, act as if your action could be a universal law that applies to everyone, at all times. Kant gives four examples that show how certain duties can apply to the categorical imperative. In each case, individuals... Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-67884780939337302912019-11-23T00:33:00.001-08:002019-11-23T00:33:04.892-08:00Biography of William McKinley, 25th U.S. PresidentBiography of William McKinley, 25th U.S. President William McKinley (January 29, 1843ââ¬âSeptember 14, 1901) was the 25th president of the United States. Prior to that, he was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives and the governor of Ohio. McKinley was assassinated by an anarchist less than a year into his second term as president. Fast Facts: William McKinley Known For: McKinley was the 25th president of the United States; he oversaw the beginning of U.S. imperialism in Latin America.Born: January 29, 1843 in Niles, OhioParents: William McKinley Sr.à and Nancy McKinleyDied: September 14, 1901 in Buffalo, New YorkEducation: Allegheny College, Mount Union College, Albany Law SchoolSpouse: Ida Saxton (m. 1871ââ¬â1901)Children: Katherine, Ida Early Life William McKinley was born on January 29, 1843 in Niles, Ohio, the son ofà William McKinley, Sr., a pig iron manufacturer, andà Nancy Allison McKinley. He had fourà sisters and three brothers. McKinley attended public school and in 1852 enrolled in the Poland Seminary. When he was 17, he enrolled in Allegheny College in Pennsylvania but soon dropped out due to illness. He never returned to college because of financial difficulties and instead taught for a while at a school near Poland, Ohio. Civil War and Legal Career After the Civil War began in 1861, McKinley enlisted in the Union Army and became part of the 23rd Ohio Infantry. Under Colonel Eliakim P. Scammon, the unit headed east to Virginia. It eventually joined the Army of the Potomac and participated in the bloody Battle of Antietam. For his service, McKinley was made a second lieutenant. He later saw action at the Battle of Buffington Island and in Lexington, Virginia. Near the end of the war, McKinley was promoted to major. After the war, McKinley studied law with an attorney in Ohio and later at Albany Law School. He was admitted to the bar in 1867. On January 25, 1871, he marriedà Ida Saxton. Together they had two daughters, Katherine and Ida, but both sadly died as infants. Political Career In 1887, McKinley was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. He served until 1883 and again from 1885 to 1891. He was elected governor of Ohio in 1892 and held the post until 1896. As governor, McKinley supported other Republicans running for office and promoted business inside the state. In 1896, McKinley was nominated to run for president as the Republican Party nominee with Garret Hobart as his running mate. He was opposed by William Jennings Bryan, who, upon accepting the Democratic nomination, gave his famous Cross of Gold speech in which he denounced the gold standard. The main issue of the campaign was what should back the U.S. currency, silver or gold. McKinley was in favor of the gold standard. In the end, he won the election with 51 percent of the popular vote and 271 out of 447 electoral votes. McKinley easily won the nomination for president again in 1900 and was again opposed by William Jennings Bryan. Theodore Roosevelt ran as McKinleys vice president. The main issue of the campaign was Americas growing imperialism, which the Democrats spoke out against. McKinley won the election with 292 out of 447 electoral votes. Presidency During McKinleys time in office, Hawaii was annexed. This would be the first step toward statehood for the island territory. In 1898, the Spanish-American War began with the Maine incident. On February 15, the U.S. battleshipà Maine- which was stationed in Cubas Havana harbor- exploded and sank, killing 266 of the crew members. The cause of the explosion is not known to this day. However, the press- led by newspapers such as those published by William Randolph Hearst- published articles claiming that Spanish mines had destroyed the ship. Remember the Maine! became a popular rallying cry. On April 25, 1898, the United States declared war against Spain. Commodore George Dewey destroyed Spainsà Pacific fleet, while Admiral William Sampson destroyed the Atlantic fleet. U.S. troops then captured Manila and took possession of the Philippines. In Cuba, Santiago was captured. The U.S. also captured Puerto Rico before Spain asked for peace. On December 10, 1898, the Paris Peace Treaty was signed. Spain gave up its claim to Cuba and gave Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippine Islands to the United States in exchange for $20 million. The acquisition of these territories marked a major turning point in American history; the nation, previously somewhat isolated from the rest of the world, became an imperial power with interests around the globe. In 1899, Secretary of State John Hay created the Open Door policy, where the United States asked for China to make it so that all nations would be able to trade equally in China. However, in June 1900 the Boxer Rebellion occurred, and the Chinese targeted Western missionaries and foreign communities. The Americans joined forces with Great Britain, France, Germany, Russia, and Japan to stop the rebellion. One final important act during McKinleys time in office was the passage of the Gold Standard Act, which officially placed the United States on the gold standard. Death McKinley was shot two times by anarchist Leon Czolgosz while the president was visiting the Pan-American Exhibit in Buffalo, New York, on September 6, 1901. He died on September 14, 1901. Czolgosz stated that he shot McKinley because he was an enemy of working people. He was convicted of the murder and died by electrocution on October 29, 1901. Legacy McKinley is best remembered for his role in U.S. expansionism; during his time in office, the nation became a world colonial power, controlling territories in the Caribbean, Pacific, and Central America. McKinley was also the third of four U.S. presidents who have been assassinated. His face appears on the $500 bill, which was discontinued in 1969. Sources Gould, Lewis L.à The Presidency of William McKinley. Lawrence: Regents Press of Kansas, 1980.Merry, Robert W.à President McKinley: Architect of the American Century. Simon Schuster Paperbacks, an Imprint of Simon Schuster, Inc., 2018.Morgan, H. W.à William McKinley and His America. 1964. Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-83343763702788318632019-11-21T03:47:00.001-08:002019-11-21T03:47:05.555-08:00Seminar Paper for Autobiography of a Face Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 wordsSeminar Paper for Autobiography of a Face - Essay Example Lucy appears determined to fight the problems in her life. She appears bold and as she tells about the time she spend in the hospital she has no pity. Her response to the harassment of her schoolmates shows how much she resents the problems she is passing through. This seminar paper analyzes the behavior and reaction of Lucy in the face of the teasing and torment she received from her schoolmates. The reaction displayed by Lucy is a defense mechanism that she employs to shut out her peers.. Her disfigured face attracts a lot of ridicule, teasing and harassment from the boys in her school. Before getting to school Lucy knows nothing much about her appearance (Grealy 124). Her going to school makes her understand that she is not acceptable socially to her peers. Her reaction to the behavior of her school mates is an act of defense as she waits for her situation to change. She hates the treatment she is being given and the only thing she can do is to seek to defend herself from it. This is so because she later runs away from her schoolmates thinking that nobody will want to love her because of her situation (Grealy 125). If she was mature and of good reason she could not have been broken down by the teasing and social isolation. The paper has analyzed the reaction of Lucy to the torment of her peers. She acted as a defense mechanism to distance herself from what was happening in order to hide her hurt. This was so because she later withdraws from her peers because of social isolation and too much teasing probably because her strategy could no longer work for Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-81483710201193671222019-11-19T14:44:00.001-08:002019-11-19T14:44:03.953-08:00See the instruction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsSee the instruction - Essay Example nked to this area has the agreement of the Russian elites, and finally because conflicts in Middle East have sensitive implications for Russiaââ¬â¢s domestic problems (Ehteshami 66). The G. Bush administration was capable of rallying the military industrial complex, the oil lobby and the Zionist movement in a huge project: to secure a control of the oil fields that run from the Horn of Africa to the Caspian Sea by re-designing the political map on basis of small ethnic states. The region, demarcated not for its populace but for the reserves under its soil, was initially called ââ¬Å"Crescent Crisisâ⬠by Bernard Lewis, a University professor and later George W. Bush called it ââ¬Å"Greater Middle Eastâ⬠(Halliday 13). Washington did not hold back on its Middle East ââ¬Å"re-modelingâ⬠project. Huge sums of finances were invested in hiring local elites so as their personal interests would be before national interests in the globalized economy context. Most significant was the deployment of a vast military force to Iraq and Afghanistan in order to interrupt Iran, the main actor around the region that outlooks up to the empire. The maps of the region were drawn up and distributed by the Chiefs of General Staff. Every country in the region, including US allies, could be viewed being broken up into innumerable emirates, incapable of protecting themselves, while overpowered Iraq would get divided into 3 federate states ( a Sunni, a Shiite, a Kurdish) imposed by the White House (Ehteshami 23). When it appeared that nothing could stop that domination process from moving forward, the Pentagon handed Israel a task of destroying every secondary fronts before they attacked Iran. The aim was to end the Lebanese Hezbollah and overthrowing the Syrian government. Nevertheless, after submitting a third of the territory of Lebanon under a shelling campaign the likes that which had never been seen before since the Vietnam War, the Israelis were forced to retreat without attained any of its Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-65005596647699162902019-11-17T03:15:00.001-08:002019-11-17T03:15:03.965-08:00The Renaissance Period Essay Example for Free The Renaissance Period Essay The period in time referred to as the Renaissance started in the lateà 1300s and existed through the 1500s. The term translates into rebirth, and describes the process of intellectual and cultural change that began in northern Italy and eventually made its way toà countries lying further north. In this era, Christianity began to evolve and branch into different directions, weakening the power of the church and allowing the disciplines of philosophy and science the freedom to take new routes encouraging scientific observation as opposed to blind faith, orà reasoning (Gaardner 197, 202). à à à à à à à à à à à These changes in Christianity, philosophy and science brought about the new ideas of renaissance humanism. When the author says, We speak of renaissance humanism, since now after the Dark Ages in which every aspect of life was seen through divine light, everything once again revolved around man., he is explaining how man has come to see himself in a new light. In the Dark Ages man viewed himself simply as a pitiful servant to God, unworthy of any form of greatness. During theà Renaissance, man saw himself not as a servant to God, but as an integral and more importantly, unique part of God and his greatness.à Man began to believe that God existed everywhere and in everything, including himself, and so man could now celebrate himself and his individual achievements, which became the basis of the new world view (Gaardner 197, 201). à à à à à à à à à à à The new world view consists mainly of two things: the way man viewed himself, and the way he viewed his surroundings. As previously stated, man viewed himself in a much higher light than in the previous era. He now also had a new view of nature. Previously, the world had only been looked at as a place of preparation for the hereafter, but now it was looked at as a place to investigate and explore. There was an exciting environment of freedom and exploration. Many people of the time were very aware that they were living in a special, exciting era of intellectual and cultural growth, and they wanted to play an active role in it. This led to huge advancements in all areas from the arts to the sciences, and to the ideal of the Renaissance man, the desire to be knowledgeable in all of these areas (Gaardner 200, 201). à à à à à à à à à à à There were three main technological developments that were necessary for the Renaissanceà era to come to life. The compass, which made navigation simpler and encouraged the exploration of new lands, accrual of new observations, and information;à firearms, which gave the Europeans military power and made exploring the new lands safer, allowing them to easily overcome any native populations; and most importantly, the printing press, which allowed people greater access to all forms of information, promoting curiosity in the common person and encouraging the desire to know more, to explore, and to ask questions about their surroundings. The printing press also took away the authority of the church as the only source of written knowledge. All three of these developments came together to contribute to the spreading of the new world view over long distances, encouraging the growth of the Renaissance movement and its ideals (Gaardner 198). à à à à à à à à à à à The transition from a subsistence economy to a monetary economy also played a large role in the formation of the Renaissance era. The difference between the Renaissance economy and the economy in the Middle Ages was the formation of a large middle class. The formation of the middle class occurred during this time because at the end of the Middle Ages, large cities were fully developed, encouraging the growth of trade and commerce. A monetary economy with banking systems soon followed and the middle class was born, with people having the luxury to be able to buy the things that they needed or wanted. This type of system encouraged people to work harder and smarter, as opposed to feudalism, where working harder would not reap any personal benefits. As the author puts it, This state of affairs rewarded peoples diligence, imagination, and ingenuity.à New demands were made on the individual. This statement reflects the trademarks of individualism, experimentation and exploration that are present in the ideals of the Renaissance era (Gaardner 199). à à à à à à à à à à à Another way that the printing press contributed to the Renaissance was by allowing the Bible to be translated and printed in different languages. Prior to this, in the Catholic church, only priests and monks read the Bible, because it was only available in Latin. Once it was translated and printed,à an individual could read it for himself, and interpret what it said in his own way. This led to an emphasis on an individuals personal relationship with God, and less of an emphasis on a persons relationship with his spiritual leaders. Eventually, it would lead to the Reformation (Gaardner 212). à à à à à à à à à à à The author speaks of a new religiosity that developed during the Renaissance. He is referring to the fact that thoughts on God in his relation to the individual changed dramatically.à Prior to the Renaissance, there was a belief that the priest was the only person who truly had a special relationship with God, so therefore it was entirely necessary for an individual to seek forgiveness from God through the priest. God was the only gateway to paradise, and the priest was the only gateway to God. Once the Renaissance was in progress, with its newly found importance of the individual and the ability of the common person to read and interpret the Bible for himself, people began to feel that it was possible to have their own personal relationship with God with or without the involvement of the church, which is a view that is still extremely popular today. This view was put forth by Martin Luther, one of the important contributors to the Reformation of the church during the Renaissance (Gaardner 212-213). à à à à à à à à à à à Many of the new views on religion during the Renaissance were prompted by advancements in science. A new scientific method was developed during the Renaissance, and formed the basis for all of the technological and scientific advances that have been achieved from that point onward. The new method incorporated using your own senses and experiences to observe phenomena during experimentation. Two of the most important scientists of this time, in my opinion, were Galileo Galilei and Isaac Newton (Gaardner 202). à à à à à à à à à à à Galiliei formulated the Law of Inertia, which states that a body in motion or at rest remains in that state until an external force causes it to change. Galilei set up a simple experiment to observe what would happen when two forcesà acted on an object simultaneously.à Through his observations, he found that despite what was commonly thought, an object that had been propelled into the air would follow a parabola-shaped trajectory.à This would occur due to the forward force of the propulsion of the object, combined with the force of gravity pulling the object down towards the earth (Gaardner 205-208). à à à à à à à à à à à Newton used his own observations to formulate the Law of Universal Gravitation, which states that every object attracts every other object with a force that increases in proportion to the size of the objects, and decreases in proportion to the distance between the objects. He used his newly formulated law in conjunction with Galileis previously stated law and observations to explain exactly why the planets traveled in elliptical orbits around the sun. It is the result of two forces acting on an object simultaneously: linear movement from the force applied to the planets during the birth of the solar system, combined with the movement towards the sun due to its gravitational pull. The combination of these two forces, as Galilei previously stated, is what creates the elliptical movement. Newton was able to show that the same laws applied to every heavenly body in the universe, thereby proving that there was not a special set of laws that applied to the heavens, and a separate set of laws for the earth. This caused the people of the time to begin to question exactly what their place was in the universe(Gaardner 209-211). à à à à à à à à à à à To this day, we are still making discoveries that lead people to question what their place is in the universe, and if their belief in God is logical or not. Scientists have made and are constantly on the verge of making some huge, definitely stunning advancements, and it inevitably causes people to further question what their place is in respect to the world, the universe and in God. For example, the issues of stem cell research, cloning, and the manipulation of genes are all very controversial at this time, because people are forced to see that man has the ability to create life in a lab, and that he can go on to guide life in almost any direction he may choose, he can play God, as many people say. My own opinion on science is that it is something that must move forward. There is no reason to fear science.à When I analyze each of the topics mentioned above, I can not think of any logical reasons why we should not proceed experimenting with them. They are simply processes that occur naturally already, we are only directing them to proceed in a manner that will be as beneficial to us as possible. As far as what this means for religion, faith will always be what it has always been faith. True faith is unshakeable, as mentioned by Gaardner in respect to Isaac Newtons belief that his findings only supported proof of the existence ofà of the great and almighty God (212). Who is to say that all of these magnificent discoveries and the intricacies on which they are based are not guided by the hand of God? à à à à à à à à à à à As to the question of our own age that we are living in, I think that in many aspects it is very similar to the Renaissance era. There is definitely a strong belief in the importance of the individual, so much to the point that I think you could say there is a strong trend towards selfishness and indifference. I think this has been reflected especially in the area of the family unit, with the high rates of divorce and single parent homes. People no longer base their life decisions on what will be best for the family unit, but what will make me happy. à à à à à à à à à à à There is also a similarity in that many people no longer feel the need to involve the church in their relationship with God. While most people still have a strong faith in God, or some form of Creator, church attendance has reached record lows. Some people believe that science has become the new religion, but I think that mankind will always feel the need to believe that he will somehow be allowed to continue on, as death seems much too simple of an ending to the elaborate design of a human being and the world around him. à à à à à à à à à à à Despite our many similarities to the Renaissance, I think that our era can be defined as the Age of Technology. I believe this era began with the inventions of the computer and the internet. Like the printing press during the Renaissance, these two developments allow the rapid dissemination of information across vast distances. The discovery of these systems has revolutionized every area of science, allowingà information to be rapidly computed and shared.à I think that we are still in the very infantile stages of the Age of Technology, and we can only wonder what developments will arise by the time a new age begins. Works Cited Gaardner, Jostein.à Sophies World (188-215). Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-2209302306092616382019-11-14T15:46:00.001-08:002019-11-14T15:46:03.003-08:00Graduation Speech: Carry On! :: Graduation Speech, Commencement AddressI will open with a quote, "a failure is not someone who tries and fails, but rather someone who fails and gives up." I started my freshmen year of high school at East High. From the start I struggled to complete my school work. Low motivation was the major factor that eventually led to me failing english, math, science, physical education, you name it I failed it. As I began to lose more credits and fail more courses my self esteem plummeted along with my motivation. By my sophomore year I felt like a major failure and as such I wanted desperately to drop out of high school. With the little motivation I had left and tremendous support from my mother I continued school for another year. As my junior year wore on however it became apparent that I was falling in short in my courses once again. My failures seemed have stacked up all through high school and I was now left to face a pile of failings a mile high. In a last ditch effort I consulted my high school councilor and discussed what options I had to finished school. After careful consideration I decided that Winema was the option for me. I was wrong if I thought that Winema was just a means of getting my diploma. It goes fare beyond academic instruction only. Winema, I learned, is a place where you form friendships that contribute to your educational learning as well as to the development of your identity. Through the use of traditional and alternative teaching styles the school brings communication, art, and critical thinking into what could be the dry facts of curriculum. When I arrived for my first day at the high school I realized how very diverse we are as a student body. Even at a glance it is obvious that we come from all walks of life, all ages, and all colors. We each have different beliefs and religious affiliations, but we all have one thing in common. We are not failures. In spite of our disappointment at times or just the need to make a change we trudged on in order to get our high school diplomas. We relied on our friends and family and on each other to get through the tough times at Winema. When life was just not going well, and getting to school seemed like a monumental task, we persisted by continuing to attend and plowing the road that led to our diploma. Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4551940942061738393.post-33290018040318293692019-11-12T04:17:00.001-08:002019-11-12T04:17:08.334-08:00Professional Development Plan EssayPart IA: Description of Personal and Professional Goals From a very early age, I was encouraged to attend college by my parents, my grandparents, and a beloved uncle. They all taught me that obtaining an education, particularly a college education, was a privilege that had not always been afforded to people of color and that it should not be taken for granted. They also taught me that education was the best way to attain great success, no matter how I chose to define success. It did, however, take some time before I fully understood what they so passionately attempted to instill in me. It was not until I began working at Johnson C. Smith University (JCSU), in an environment of academia, that I understood the value and importance of education, and the incredible impact that being part of a learning environment has on a young mind. I have been fortunate to be able to utilize the management skills I learned from my undergraduate studies and through various employment opportunities after obtaining a masterââ¬â¢s degree in business administ ration. I have enjoyed my experiences working in the business field, as diverse as they have been, and would love to teach business administration at the university level. I would like to pursue a Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) degree so that I may be considered an authority within the business field and possibly teach at JCSU as an adjunct professor. Eventually, both my degree and my experiences will assist me in achieving the long-term goals that both my husband and I share of operating a non-profit organization for children and a for-profit security business. Our combined goals are far-reaching and our desire to see them accomplished is passionate. I enjoy managing people, events, and projects. I have discovered that I enjoy and am very good at designing and executing plans that make it easier for others to achieve theirà objectiveââ¬âwhich is ultimately the definition of management. That is why I wished to design my own concentration within Walden Universityââ¬â¢s doctoral program that will combine financial management and leadership skill courses. I also wish to simultaneously obtain my certification as a Six Sigma Black Belt. According to the American Society of Quality (2008): A Black Belt should demonstrate team leadership, understand team dynamics and assign team member roles and responsibilities. Black Belts have a thorough understanding of all aspects of the DMAIC model in accordance with Six Sigma principles. They have basic knowledge of Lean enterprise concepts, are able to identify non-value-added elements and activities and are able to use specific tools. (para. 1) The Walden University outcomes for graduates that I believe are most relevant to my profe ssional goals as a DBA candidate are to: understand and continuously develop and change themselves, the organizations in which they work, and society at large; create new knowledge dedicated to the improvement of social conditions, and to positively impact society by putting that knowledge into practice, by modeling their learning through action, and by being civically engaged; . . . achieve professional excellence as active and influential professionals by applying their learning to specific problems and challenges in their work settings and professional practice; . . . [and] practice in their professional fields legally and ethically. . . . (Walden University, 2008c) These outcomes are directly aligned with my professional and personal goals. Because of the manner in which Walden University has chosen to cultivate professionals and the reputation it has in the e-learning environment, Walden was my first choice in education options. Part IB: Outline and S.W.O.T. Analysis Strengths I have several strengths that I believe will be instrumental in obtaining a Doctor of Business Administration degree. Two great strengths are the completion of my bachelorââ¬â¢s and masterââ¬â¢s degrees. Both degrees are in areas of business in which I have great interest, and that interest has grown with each new professional position that I have obtained. Immediately after completing my bachelorââ¬â¢s degree, I worked as an economic services worker (ESW) for the West Virginia Department of Health and Human Services. Ià worked heavily with financial analysis in order to determine the eligibility of applicants for state and federal programs. I enjoyed the financial analysis side of the position but could not bear witnessing the immense poverty of the clients I served in West Virginia. This position brought light to both a strength and a weakness that I possess. I truly enjoy helping others and working with finances and budgets. However, I have a weakness for enabling indiv iduals to continue in their plight by doing for them instead of assisting them achieve independence. During the time that I worked as an ESW in the West Virginia welfare system, I was truly an enabler. I was prompted to leave the position for that reason. I found additional strengths in learning about ethics and compliance in business in my next professional position, as I worked my way up to the position of manager in a compliance call center. I benefited from great grammar skills and obtained additional editing and leadership skills. This position also increased my interest in compliance, particularly as it pertains to corporations and their finances. These interests will no doubt have a large impact on my doctoral studies. The call center management position taught me invaluable skills in managing people of various temperaments and learning how to be creative in getting results from a diverse group of individuals. I obtained great time management and crisis management skills as well that I keep with me and that have shaped my leadership skills. It is these skills that I hope to teach to other young business leaders, in addition to valuable business skills. In my current position as a grants manager and development officer, I complete research on a frequent basis for faculty and staff who wish to write grants that are congruent with the universityââ¬â¢s strategic plan. These research skills will most assuredly be invaluable during my doctoral studies. Additionally, the research resources at my disposal will be a great asset. Support from family and friends is essential and it has been given to me unconditionally. It is from this support that I frequently draw strength. However, my primary reasons for not allowing defeat to overtake me when it could have in the past are my two sons. They are my most precious accomplishments, and I will see them succeed in their dreams by instilling in them the promise of education that was instilled in me by my family. Weaknesses Statistical Analysis has always been my least favorite business course. Each time I have survived Statistical Analysis with an admirable grade, but because I have not mastered it, I still fear it a little. I know that I will need to call upon resources at the university where I work for tutoring assistance during my doctoral program in hopes of finally mastering Statistical Analysis. It is my desire to become comfortable and proficient with statistical tools because it will be important for both my academic and professional progression. To be successful in my pursuit of a doctoral degree, I must minimize my propensity to overload my plate with tasks just because I have the ability to do it, knowing full well I do not have the time. At my current place of employment, I am called upon frequently to do things like fix a simple problem with the division printer or a computer, run reports, or complete an administrative task because I can get it done quickly, even though it may be someone elseââ¬â¢s responsibility. Although my intentions are honorable, I am enabling others not to perform and am hindering my own efforts. Quickly recovering from errors made will also be a necessity. I cannot afford to brood over failures because it does not benefit my progress in any manner. Practicing these corrections in self-awareness will be no easy task for me. Opportunities With a masterââ¬â¢s degree and now a doctoral degree in my future, opportunities are abundant. I am optimistic, even in this current economy with extreme unemployment, that if I do not obtain a promotion at the university where I currently work, I may still have a future in an academic setting. It is my desire to bring quality improvements and greater excellence to Johnson C. Smith University, but the proposal that I am currently developing regarding a division of quality and excellence is a model that will work in most academic settings. The opportunity to complete research that may be published is also a possibility because I work in academia and because of the nature of my job as a development officer. I have had one piece published in JCSUââ¬â¢s quarterly magazine, and it is my desire to have an article published in a scholarly journal through connections with the university. Our current university president encourages scholarly writing, and when given theà opportunity to write, whether for research or for advancing my financial position, I will seize it. If permitted to continue down my current employment path, I believe there will be opportunities for fellowships, which are sorely needed. The American Association of University Women, the National Black MBA Association, and the American Management Association, all offer unique fellowship opportunities to members who have applied themselves and show excellence in their profession. Threats The opportunity for fellowships is extremely important in my effort to obtain a doctoral degree because financial debt from funding my education is mounting. Ironically, the university where I work does not offer any type of tuition assistance toward a graduate degree. It is my hope that I can supplant future loans with fellowships from one of the organizations mentioned above, including any offered by Walden University. In addition to mounting loans, the current economy is weighing heavily on my family budget. Ordinarily, I would be prompted to action by finding another way to bring income into our household. I am now required to depend upon my spouse for that additional support, something I am used to doing myself. Financial sacrifice is not the only burden I have placed on my family. With two children, one with a medical need that requires additional attention in order for him to be successful, I must again rely heavily on my spouse to do what I would be more comfortable doing myself. I will put to work those leadership and management skills I obtained during my call center days in order to appropriately deal with what seems to be increasing political posturing by some of my colleagues. It is still a little difficult for me to believe that anyone would be threatened by my ambitions. However, I must be careful to consider that it as a possibility. The business world is very competitive, but I assumed because I did not work directly in the corporate world that I would be safe from that type of political environment. I will work to reassure my colleagues that my dedication to ethical behavior will not permit me to ruin another coworkerà for my own professional gain. Part IIA: Description of Educational Background and Research Proficiencies Academic Experience I was fortunate to enter West Virginia State University, at the time called West Virginia State College (WVSC), with a full academic scholarship that included room and board. I was also awarded the U.H. Prunty Scholarship, which enabled me to purchase books during all four years that I attended WVSC. During my undergraduate experience, I became a well-rounded student through participation in activities such as the NAACP and the WVSC Ambassadors, a faculty/staff-nominated designation where students represent the university and provide guided tours to visiting donors and potential students. I also participated in the Pre-Alumni Club and raised money through volunteer efforts with my sorority that we donated to a local womenââ¬â¢s shelter called Sojournerââ¬â¢s. During 1992, my sorority sisters and I were honored with the prestigious Ethel Hedgeman Lyle Community Service Award by Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Inc. for our community service work. The work we did during that time not only humbled me and inspired me to give back, but also showed me the true meaning of philanthropy and charity. My academic performance during undergraduate school was not stellar, but my experiences combined with my upbringing instilled within me a desire to press further academically. My learning continued, although sometimes not within the traditional academic setting. I attended seminars with regularity and, in 2000, earned my licensure as a life and health insurance agent in ultimate pursuit of a financial analyst career through Primerica Financial Services. I did not complete the training to become a financial analyst. However, I did learn a great deal about financial tools and gained a better understanding of budgeting, saving, and what life insurance is truly for. I am still using most of the tools I gained during that time to perform many of my current duties as a grants manager. It took another 13 years after receiving a Bachelor of Science degree in business administration before the academic momentum returned and I was accepted at Strayer University during the fall of 2006. My grad uate school experience at Strayer University fared much better but was actually far more challenging. I combined distance learning with the tremendous tasks ofà maintaining my family life as a married mother of two school-age children and working full-time as a development officer and private grants manager at JCSU. I excelled at Strayer, even with these challenges, and found that distance learning was the perfect academic venue to work with my hectic lifestyle. The courses that invoked keen interest were the classes involving strategic policy analysis, project management, and research analysis. It is not surprising that my interest in and enjoyment of these classes were integral to my high performance in these classes in particular. I was cautioned that distance learning required additional discipline in order to be successful in any area of study. I became partial to distance learning because of the flexibility it offered me as a working adult, as clichà © and commercial as tha t may seem. Difficult courses, such as Quantitative Methods, seemed no more difficult through the use of the electronic blackboard system than being physically in the classroom. The use of this online tool in the distance-learning process was ingenious and fun. Our professor demonstrated classroom methods electronically in real time and we were able to ask questions of him in real time. It is a tool I hope to assist in bringing to the continuing and adult education program that is being established at JCSU. Research Experience Research is essential to the duties I currently perform as a development officer and private grants manager at JCSU and an important aspect of the grant-writing process. With the utilization of online tools, I seek potential donors, individuals, corporations, and foundations that will support the universityââ¬â¢s strategic goals. I have used Internet tools to research the wealth of individuals who have a relationship with our university, rated their wealth based upon a system that we created for stewardship, and stored the information in a database that the data analyst and I maintain. I research the philanthropic interests of both corporations and foundations and compile the information in profiles that I present to our faculty and staff so that grant proposals may be written to fund the universityââ¬â¢s objectives. I also research spending trends of sister organizations to determine whether the spending habits of our division are congruent with what the Institutional Advancem ent divisions of other universities are spending. This information has been vital to our divisionà vice president and his mission to complete our divisionââ¬â¢s and the universityââ¬â¢s strategic plan. As a requirement of the MBA degree that I obtained at Strayer University, I completed a directed research project (DRP) concerning whistleblower protection laws titled ââ¬Å"Whistling in the Wind: A Study of the Travails of Whistleblowers and the Protection Offered to Them.â⬠These research efforts began at the onset of my MBA program in September 2006 and were completed in May 2008. The scope of the project was to deliver an 88-page research project surrounding a problem that I chose to identify. Required within the research document was an abstract, an introduction that included the context of the problem, a statement of the problem and the sub-problems, delimitations, definitions, assumptions, significance of the study, research design and methodology, an organization of the study, and details concerning the qualifications of the researcher. Also, the DRP had to contain a review of literature, data analysis, and an explanation of the treatment of the data, as well as the conclusion of the research and my recommendations based upon what was found during the research. I relied heavily on the Strayer University online library system, which gave me access to countless university library systems across the country. I also utilized the library at Johnson C. Smith University as well as libraries in Charlotte when I needed hard-copy documents. The basic goals of the project were met in that I completed the DRP in the structure and the length that was required and gained invaluable experience with regard to completing online surveys and interviews of some famous professionals. I received an A on the project, which was quite a stressful undertaking. I chose the subject because it involved ethics in business practicesââ¬âa subject that has intrigued me since working in a call center that was dedicated to protecting employees, the organizations they worked for, and the organizationââ¬â¢s shareholders. I began early, researching famous and infamous whistleblowers, such as Sherron Watkins of Enron. I had substantial information for the literature review. I seemed to develop a problem when it came to breaking down the main problem into sub-problems and found myself redefining the sub-problems as I furthered my research into the topic. One of the major problems I encountered during the process was attempting to devise a rat ional, objective survey that adequately procured the information that I was attempting to obtain without bias. I also hadà problems finding enough people to complete the survey for an appropriate sample. In retrospect, I would have solicited advice from professors at JCSU during the process instead of relying only on the resources at Strayer University. It is believed that the analysis of the results could have been done more professionally and efficiently if I had received the results of my survey and interview questions sooner than I obtained them. I was not satisfied with the results because I do not believe that my research significantly contributed to the information that was already available concerning whistleblowers. It is my desire to focus on contributing to the knowledge base and providing information that was not readily available prior to my research. The DRP was an important project to complete because it demonstrated the complexity of not only researching a problem, but the importance of syntax needed to present the information in a coherent, acceptable manner. During my doctoral studies, I would like to focus on how to appropriately analyze the research that is obtained in order to make a significant contribution to the research within a particular subject. Work/Other Experience My employment experiences, while always encompassing management, have been quite diverse. Websterââ¬â¢s Menswear, now defunct, was where I had my first management experience. As the ââ¬Å"third keyâ⬠manager, I performed inventory counts nightly of the merchandise that retailed for more than $100. I was responsible for running the nightly sales reports, the supervision of other sales associates, and of course, the sale of merchandise. This experience was really my first real full-time employment experience, so it was even more gratifying to be performing work that was included in my course of study. I continued working at Websterââ¬â¢s Menswear until approximately six months after receiving my bachelorââ¬â¢s degree. Because the hours I was scheduled to work were based on sales, which were not exceeding our goals, and there were no benefits, I began looking for other employment. The management experience at Websterââ¬â¢s did engage my creativity. I assisted customers in selecting apparel and it gave me my first experience with sales reports and the consequences of not meeting the demands of the strategic sales plan. Immediately following my work experience at Websterââ¬â¢s Menswear, I secured another management role with the West Virginia Department ofà Health and Human Resources as an economic services worker. In this case management role, I determined the initial and continuing economic eligibility of applicants for state-funded Medicaid, food stamps, and Aid to Families with Dependent Children. My experience in this arena of management was no different than one would expect from a public servantââ¬â¢s role. The work was difficult, tiring, and frustrating, and the caseload immense, always exuberantly more than statistics had shown one person should be handling. It took 2 years until I finally succumbed to the tremendous pressure of attempting to serve an economic population that I myself just missed being part of by about $200 per mon th. I left the declining economic plight of West Virginia behind in July 1997 and headed to Charlotte, North Carolina, where I found another opportunity and my current life. In July 1997, I began working for Pinkerton Services Group, Inc. as a communications specialist (CS) in a compliance hotline call center. There, I was able to enhance good interviewing and excellent writing skills as a CS. This opportunity is also where I became interested in whistleblower protection issues, compliance, and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Within six months, I had progressed to the role of management again as a quality assurance supervisor in the call center. Our call center grew quickly during the early 2000s with the beginning of the demise of Enron, MCI WorldCom, and Adelphia. Most of the corporate giants were scrambling to obtain a way for their employees to alert the company of improprieties and to comply with new, emerging laws to protect the public and company shareholders. I was promoted as the call centerââ¬â¢s operations manager during 2001. In this management role I gained experience doing many different tasks that included, but were not limited to, payroll for approximately 50 employees, order tracking and maintenance of call center supplies, call evaluations of communications specialists, monthly evaluations of quality assurance supervisors, monthly statistical reports on the qu ality of Workplace Alert Reports, and daily communication with executives of vendors whom the company served. With the expansion of the call center, the roles of key management personnel were redefined. We divided the call centerââ¬â¢s quality management team into two groups, manager of the communications specialists and manager of the quality assurance supervisors. I was designated as the quality assurance manager over the quality assurance supervisors, the last title I held before leaving theà organization in February 2004. On February 1, 2004, I joined the staff at Johnson C. Smith University, the only historically black college and university in Charlotte, North Carolina. I sought this change for two reasons. The compliance center where I formerly worked split from Pinkerton Services Group and formed a separate company, Global Compliance Services. Many things began to change and the environment was no longer stable. Additionally, I was the only manager on call 24 hours a day to address any issue that arose in the call center. After giving birth, being on call 24 hours a day was no l onger conducive to maintaining a stable family life. For the first time since obtaining my degrees, I accepted a role that did not appear to involve managing individuals. In the role of office manager and executive assistant to the vice president of Institutional Advancement, I did maintain and even enhance some management skills. This assignment required me to be more team-oriented. I became the administrative right hand for a division that included Alumni Affairs, Foundation Relations and Private Grants, Corporate Relations, Public Relations, Development, and the Vice Presidentââ¬â¢s Office. This role gave me the opportunity to become adept with budget management and analysis as I was given the responsibility of managing nine budgets. I also became proficient with fundraising software, the Raiserââ¬â¢s Edge, which was crucial to the divisionââ¬â¢s success. As the office manager, I became at one point the data analyst and was then responsible for training a new data analyst. We shared the responsibility of database management and reporting. Three years later I was promoted to my current position as the divisionââ¬â¢s development officer and private grants manager. I retained the responsibility of the divisional budgets and learned different skill-sets, including research, grants administration, and grant writing. While quite adept at research and grants administration, I have yet to write a grant that has been funded. It is my hope that JCSUââ¬â¢s new president, Dr. Ronald L. Carter, will see the need for a budget analyst, as I have proposed to him, and promot e me to this new assignment. Eventually, I would like to work in the capacity of professor at our university. I hope to use all of the skills that I have acquired through previous employment, which seem now to all be interrelated, in order to advance the mission of the university. Experience with issues of compliance that I gained in the call center, writing and editing, managing budgets,à analyzing financial information, combined with my DBA, are all expected to advance my career as a senior-level executive at Johnson C. Smith University. It was initially my desire to use my doctoral project to advance an initiative at JCSU that involves infusing Six Sigma Quality measures in each area of our business, particularly with how we approach education. Because of our current culture and some resistance that I have received from senior-level executives when attempting to propose new ideas, I shied away from this idea. However, after completing recent assignments, reading about the inten t of the doctoral project and how it is intended to interrelate to a candidateââ¬â¢s work environment, I would like to attempt this initiative at JCSU and use this research platform for my doctoral studies. It was David Johnson (2005) who stated that ââ¬Å"the outcome of the research is designed to provide valuable insights to the sponsoring organisation, in addition to contributing to knowledge in the field of practice. In this form of doctorate therefore research is a tool in developing professional practiceâ⬠(p. 88). I would like my doctoral project to pertain to the following question: How can Six Sigma or Lean Management Quality measures be implemented within JCSUââ¬â¢s education and management systems to advance the universityââ¬â¢s strategic and quality enhancement plans? Part IIIA: Individualized Plan of Study The date that has been projected as my anticipated graduation date for my Doctor of Business Administration degree is October 26, 2012. Courses such as DDBA 8110 Business Operations: Systems Perspectives in Global Organizations; DDBA 8120 Information Systems: Global Management Strategies and Technology; DDBA 8130 Marketing: Strategic Innovation in Globally Diverse Markets; DDBA 8140 Finance: Fiscal Leadership; and DDBA 8150 Leadership: Building Sustainable Organizations were all waived, giving me a total of 15 credit hours toward the 60 required for my degree completion. I have chosen to design my own specialization. It is my desire to combine the finance and leadership specializations in order to create a program that will prepare me for a future that includes teaching business courses at Johnson C. Smith University as well as leading the operation of both for- and non-profit businesses. The descriptions under the specialization of finance, particularly the idea that managers can â â¬Å"maximize their firmââ¬â¢sà valueâ⬠speaks to specific skills that I must acquire in order for my plan of success to work (Walden University, 2008a). I want to be an agent of change within whatever organization I work for, not just for the sake of change, but change that is positive. The leadership specialization will help me to obtain this goal (Walden University, 2008b). I intend to take DDBA 8523 Seminar in Law and Compliance, DDBA 8541 Seminar in Entrepreneurial Finance, and DDBA 8522 Seminar in Sustainability. During the spring 2009 semester, I will be registered for courses DDBA 8160 Business Strategy and Innovation and DDBA 8427 Applied Research Methodsââ¬âQualitative and Quantitative (currently I am enrolled in courses that my evaluation indicated would be waived). The next course that is required is DDBA 8437 Quantitative Decision-Making in Professional Practice. I will take this course with one of the three required DBA specialization courses mentioned ab ove. These two courses will be completed during summer 2009. During the winter 2009 session, I will take the final two specialization courses. There will be a requirement of 20 hours of doctoral study completion courses that will be taken four credit hours at a time for five semesters. With no anticipated breaks within my course of study, I anticipate my completion date to be during spring 2011 instead of the projected October 2012 date. There are two 4-day residencies required for the DBA degree program. It is recommended that the first residency be completed within 90 days of completing DDBA 8005. I will complete my first residency March 18 to 22, 2009, in Lansdowne, Virginia (Walden residency calendar, 2008). The next residency will be completed after completion of my core courses during 2010. The focus of my doctoral project will involve incorporating Lean or Six Sigma Management into higher education. It is my hope that I will be able to implement the Lean design into the curriculum and the management practices at the university where I work after completion of the research on this subject. It is my belief that my fellow colleagues would describe me as a tenacious problem-solver, an optimistic leader who believes there is a solution to every problem. I am always open to constructive criticism and self-improvement. I seek to improve with each obstacle that I overcome. I am also willing to offer constructive criticism to others and have learned the art of how and when to do so professionally and with tact. I like to incorporate humor, where appropriate, in much of what I do because I trulyà believe that in order to solve most problems, one must have a sense of humor. These personal skills, or life skills, have come with maturity and much trial and error. I believe each of these skills will be essential to my ability to excel in the Doctor of Business Administration program as well as being integral to my future professional endeavors. Part IIIB: Professional Interview Evelyn Leathers is the director of Corporate and Foundation Relations within the Institutional Advancement division at Johnson C. Smith University. My goal in interviewing Ms. Leathers was to get an in-depth understanding of what role this division will play in the mission of the president, Dr. Ronald L. Carter, in JCSU becoming ââ¬Å"Charlotteââ¬â¢s very own nationally-recognized independent urban universityâ⬠(Carter, 2008, p. 2). It is my intent to understand what policies may be improved within that department and ultimately the division in order to improve to the level of quality that Dr. Carter intends for the university to fulfill the proposed vision. The role of the Institutional Advancement division is to support the university financially through philanthropic solicitation, community involvement, and improved public relations. For this reason, the division includes the departments of Development, Corporate and Foundation Relations, Grant Research, Alumni Affairs, a nd Public Relations. The division plays an integral role in that it provides money that is not earned through tuition. When enrollment is down, the Institutional Advancement divisionââ¬â¢s role becomes even more vital. Ms. Leathers, who has served JCSU in several different capacities through two separate terms of employment, remains loyal to the university because she is passionate about the human investment, the students (E. Leathers, personal communication, December 14, 2008). There are many historically black colleges and universities that are currently experiencing financial duress due to a number of factors. According to Ms. Leathers, the university has survived and prospered due to the quality of the Institutional Advancement division and the universityââ¬â¢s relationship with The Duke Endowment (E. Leathers, personal communication, December 14, 2008). Johnson C. Smith University is fortunate enough to be one of four universities to be included as a beneficiary of The Du ke Endowmentââ¬â¢s mission to serve higher education by promoting academic excellence (The Dukeà Endowment, 2007). The Duke Endowment provides financial support to schools like JCSU in order to foster excellence in individuals so that they will be inspired to share with the community what they have gained through education (The Duke Endowment, 2007). Although JCSU has exercised fiscal responsibility, Ms. Leathers is convinced that without The Duke Endowment, the university would not be successful, particularly in todayââ¬â¢s extreme economic climate (E. Leathers, personal communication, December 14, 2008). The nation is currently experiencing a recession, one that is predicted to last at least until late 2010. Ms. Leathers proposes that her department, Corporate and Foundation Relations, will need to become creative, selective, and savvy in order to remain afloat and remain aligned with the universityââ¬â¢s mission (E. Leathers, personal communication, December 14, 2008). Creativity will enable the division to utilize initiatives that corporations and foundations will support financially, such as incorporating green initiatives into capital building plans. Selectivity means that the university will not go after or accept just any grant offered by a foundation or corporation. Ms. Leathers explained that sometimes fulfilling the conditions offered by a funder can be costly to the university (E. Leathers, personal communication, December 14, 2008). Proposals must be carefully reviewed to ensure that the university is not taking on a financially burdening project. The Institutional Adva ncement division must also be savvy and shrewd in its business dealings in order receive the most return on the investments made by its public relations staff, its development officers, and all of its financial solicitors (E. Leathers, personal communication, December 14, 2008). In todayââ¬â¢s economic climate, more than ever, quality in our operational functions becomes very important to the success of the university. The department of Corporate and Foundation Relations will practice quality in its operations by going back to the basics of fundraising, traveling smarter and only within the region to conserve resources, and focusing on research efforts more heavily (E. Leathers, personal communication, December 14, 2008). These efforts will assist Dr. Carter with fulfilling the universityââ¬â¢s goal of infusing quality where needed to become one of Charlotteââ¬â¢s elite, premier universities. Ms. Leathers explained that foundations and corporations do not give to people, but to causes. If the university, and the Institutional Advancementà division in particular, focuses on quality programs and eliminating waste, corporations and foundations will be prompted to give to the universityââ¬â¢s cause (E. Leathers, personal communication, December 14, 2008). One of the most critical areas within the Institutional Advancement division that could use an infusion of quality is the universityââ¬â ¢s enterprise management system. à Ms. Leathers stated that quality reporting is essential to development, grant writing, and research (E. Leathers, personal communication, December 14, 2008). All staff must be trained to use the system efficiently in order for the division to be effective and practice quality. Once all staff becomes proficient with its operation of the enterprise management system, it will translate to quality in most areas of operation (E. Leathers, personal communication, December 14, 2008). Ms. Leathers is able to draw strength from understanding that the mission of the university is to provide a quality education to our most valuable assets, the students. Soliciting funds from foundations and corporations during a recession is not easy and sometimes not enjoyable, but necessary (E. Leathers, personal communication, December 14, 2008). Ms. Leathers stated that the outcome will be positive and anticipates it will take another five years before the university realizes benefits from quality initiatives that are just beginning under the new administration of Dr. Carter (E. Leathers, personal communication, December 14, 2008). Ms. Leathers and I discussed a quote from John B. Duke, founder of The Duke Endowment: ââ¬Å"Education, when conducted along sane and practical, as opposed to dogmatic and theoretical, lines, is, next to religion, the greatest civilizing influenceâ⬠(Duke, 1924). In addition to agreeing that the quote is profoundly accurate, we share the hope that the same sentiment will be fostered within the generation that we are educating at JCSU. Because Ms. Leathers is my immediate supervisor, her input during this intervi ew lends insight to the direction she gives me on a daily basis. It also forced both of us to contemplate what changes are needed within our own department to work hand in hand with Dr. Carter to promote his vision for the university. There is additional work to be done in order for the two of us to engender change within our department. The questions proposed and the answers provided will assist me in further developing my doctoral study regarding quality and how one might incorporate Lean and Six Sigma into higher education. References American Society of Quality. (2008). Six Sigma Black Belt certification. Retrieved November 9, 2008, from http://www.asq.org/certification/six-sigma/index.html Carter, R. L. (2008, Fall). Presidentââ¬â¢s letter. The Johnson C. Smith University Bulletin, 2. 88-99. doi:15.555/GGE.64.1.76-82 Duke, J. B. (1924, December 11). Indenture and deed of trust of personality establishing The Duke Endowment. Retrieved from The Duke Endowment website: http://www.dukeendowment.org/downloads/ind.pdf The Duke Endowment. (2007). Higher education. Retrieved December 14, 2008, from The Duke Endowment website: http://www.dukeendowment.org/education Johnson, D. (2005). Assessment matters: Some issues concerning the supervision and assessment of work-based doctorates. Innovations in Education & Teaching International, 42(1), 87ââ¬â92. Retrieved from http://proquest.umi.com.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/pqdweb?did=1157097371&sid=1&Fmt=6&clientId=70192&RQT=309&VName=PQD Laureate Education, Inc. (Producer). ( 2010). Name of program [Video webcast]. Retrieved from http://www.courseurl.com. Walden University. (2008a). Walden University DBA finance specialization. Retrieved November 9, 2008, from Walden University website: http://www.waldenu.edu/Degree-Programs/Doctorate/18391.htm Walden University. (2008b). Walden University DBA leadership specialization. Retrieved November 9, 2008, from Walden University website: http://www.waldenu.edu/Degree-Programs/Doctorate/18427.htm Walden University. (2008c). Walden University outcomes. Retrieved November 9, 2008, from Walden University website: http://www.waldenu.edu/c/Student_Catalog/8893_9096.htm Ellenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05817788827417846120noreply@blogger.com0