One flew over the cukoos nest Essay Example

One flew over the cukoos nest Paper McCarthy represents freedom in a society controlled by fear and repression. Discuss Ken Keys allegorical novel One flew over the kickoffs nest depicts society as a repressive combine, molding citizens to assimilate them into society. The institution can be seen as a microcosm of the outside world; the Nurse depicted as a fascist leader and the patients as the members who are controlled by her tyrannical rule. The effects of her manipulative therapy sessions and fearsome tactics cause the patients to live sexually repressed and emasculated. McCarthy who is loud, jubilant and expressive is a great contrast to the other patients who are in a constant anxiety. Whilst McCarthy represents Freedom, he also represents society attitudes to freewill and Independence. Keyes conveys his views on the repressive nature of society through the ward and characters. Throughout the novel, the narrator, Chief Broaden, references society as the Combine, juxtaposing both the ward the outside world as a big machine- mass producing the ideal American citizen that will fit society mould. The ward, a microcosm of society, is a place for the faulty parts and misfits of the combine to be treated, Its for fixing up mistakes made In the neighborhoods. Keyes questions the sanity of the patients and the collects label of Insanity. The majority of the patients are self-admitted and do not seem to be extremely Insane, It Is rather that they have not found a place In society and that their community has been unable to accept their minor differences, conveying the rigidity and lack of acceptance and freedom amongst people. We will write a custom essay sample on One flew over the cukoos nest specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on One flew over the cukoos nest specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on One flew over the cukoos nest specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The says and asss were mimes of change. With the civil rights movement and other social movements people were broadening the idea of who could be accepted into mainstream society. Alongside this the red scare of the Cold war caused people to look upon each other with suspicion, behavior out of the norm was almost intimidating. Chief describes the combine as a huge organization that aims to adjust the Outside as well as she has the Inside The Issue Is not the patients mental health but the conformity in society and the ostracism towards those that did not conform. Hence the patients eve been admitted Into the ward In the hope that they may be adjusted so they can return to the Big world outside that you will be one day taking your place In again. Keyes views the patients treatment as corruptive and as a disease that will overpower freedom and individuality. The strong imagery of Maxwell Table, one of the Nurses success depicts him as a machine, installed lend nimble skills to his fingers, that slowly adjusts them[society] as he was adjusted. Society is conveyed as controlling and manipulative towards its citizens. Keyes explores sanity arbitrary nature and its effects. Those that do not conform to mainstream society are labeled and treated in order to suit the Combines agenda. Nurse Ratchet represents the Combines tyrannical authority over the world. Her domineering and manipulative behavior cause the patients to be sexually repressed and inhibited. Nurse Ratchets Is Introduced as smooth calculated and precision made, as a product of the combine who has been programmed to convert the patients Into the Ideal citizen. From the first Impression of the nurse she has been portrayed In a negative light. Constantly described as the Big Nurse this alludes to Chiefs strong. The strong imagery associated with the metaphor of the Nurse as a tractor paints a violent picture, Shes swelling up, swells till her backs splitting She blows up bigger and bigger, big as a tractor, so big I can smell the machinery inside. It is evident that Nurse Ratchet is not the orthodox women of her time. Unlike most women of her time she works and holds a position high in responsibility and power. Whilst the women worked during the second world war to sustain the economy while he men were away, their return meant that there were no longer any Jobs for women and that they had to return to their household duties. Regardless of this Nurse Ratchet works and even with the presence of other male leaders such as Doctor Spices, the Nurse holds the utmost authority although she uses it to oppress . The Chief recounts the number of ideal staff that have been on the ward and how the Nurse is able to emasculate them all, since I started on the ward with that woman I feel like my veins are running ammonia. Y kids wont sit on my lap, my wife wont leap with me. When McCarthy realizes her power over the mens ego and masculinity he describes her as a ball cutter, her domineering qualities cause her to castrate the men and repress them sexually. The key force of repression and within the ward is Nurse Ratchets tyrannical hold over the ward. Unlike the other patients in the ward McCarthy is ope nly sexual and does not conform to the wards rules, however his actions soon lead him to strife. McCarthy is confident, loud and open. He is blatantly different to the other patients. From his arrival into the ward he behaves differently to the other patients. He laughs loudly, unlike the other patients who snicker behind their fists out of fear. The entire ward seems to be taken aback by this, all is stunned dumb by his laughing. Through this initial gesture it is clear that McCarthy will be resistant toward the wards authority. As McCarthy realizes the Nurses position in the ward there is a power struggle between the two. The nurse aims to adjust McCarthy whereas he is determined to resist the rule and changes. Naively McCarthy bets to annoy the Nurse, without releasing the power she has over him. McCarthy first sign of protest is when he cant watch the world series on the television, regardless the turns on the TV and watches the blank screen. Through a series of acts out of rebellion McCarthy continues to enrage the nurse. When McCarthy has electroshock therapy he continues to resist the authorities and will not admit that he is at fault. As a consequence his electroshock therapy continues. After the party at the ward, the Nurse finally overcomes McCarthy. His continual rebellion and revolt against the Nurse leads to his Lobotomy. Whilst McCarthy represents freedom, his resistance to conform to the ward leads to severe consequences. Keyes explores the repressive and exploitive nature of society through the microcosm of the ward. Nurse Ratchets fascist hold on the ward suppresses the men on the ward. Her therapeutic techniques emasculate and castrate the men. Whilst McCarthy represents freedom in this oppressed environment his excessive resistance to conformity leads to his plight.

Employee Motivation From Performance Measurement And Compensation System Management Essay Essay Example

Employee Motivation From Performance Measurement And Compensation System Management Essay Essay Example Employee Motivation From Performance Measurement And Compensation System Management Essay Essay Employee Motivation From Performance Measurement And Compensation System Management Essay Essay Employees are an indispensable portion of any organisation, and they should be ever motivated in order to acquire the best consequences out of them. In the article research was conducted of 18months among 272 employees which proved that positive emotion on occupation leads to work accomplishment, occupation enrichment along with higher quality of societal context which comes from more support from supervisors and coworkers. Although the research did non turn out that positive attitude of employees lead to occupation enrichment. The article tells that elements of research have changed in past few old ages. Rather than measuring employee response towards assorted facets of work function, accent has shifted towards how societal context form attitude. This has led to wider array of constructs such as positive and negative consequence. Previously occupation satisfaction was being used to mensurate absenteeism, turnover and public presentation now emotion influence wider organisational res ults along with employee s personal result. The writer proposes that employees who feel and are exposing positive emotion on their occupation will finally see positive results in their work functions. On occupation satisfaction a batch of research has been carried on but non adequate clip has been dedicated to positive emotions. The research besides propose that alternatively of utilizing wide constructs like occupation engagement as organisational designation, it is more utile to mensurate specific emotions that employees observe or experience at work like joy, pride exhilaration. Stearns and Stearns ( 1986 ) Hagiographas showed that control of choler and experience may convey direct effects on work results. ( BARRY M.STAW, 1994 ) Employee s motive farther comes from public presentation measuring and compensation system. The article negotiations about the employee motive after taking assorted trials to turn out that how effectual it is to give compensations. Survey consequences demonstrated a positive relationship between compensation system and extrinsic motive, where as intrinsic motive is effected by publicity chances. Further the compensation system besides affect other indexs of motive like work satisfaction and turnover purpose. In many schools of idea associating to both psychological economic literature have made incentive compensation the nucleus portion of survey. From the hunt carried out there was no mark of grounds that is negative in relationship among pecuniary compensation and intrinsic motive. Though, intrinsic motive is influenced by occupation related issues like occupation enrichment. Whereas, the promotional chances are proven to help in increasing the chance of agreeable future undertakings. The feeling of being suitably treated by a company will take to just behaviour in return. Employees will set about undertaking because they feel obliged to return the sort intervention they have received, instead than the possibility of possible danger of this behaviour on future degrees of compensation. Company believes that directors have tool to separate among assorted variables that build compensation system. It is besides said that extrinsic motive can be reached by bettering the basicss of both pecu niary compensation system and promotional chances. Promotions have been shown to hold positive relationship with motive. This is the ground why it is said to be an of import managerial tool, for addition in the degree of motive. If any company manage good perceived compensation system besides has good consequence on major indexs of motive like work satisfaction and turnover. Therefore we can reason by stating that compensation system can be of great importance for directors to increase motive and single public presentation. Wage construction features and their consequent inducement besides effects through empirical observation. In conformity to employee study and forces records, grounds was provided in which rewards are attached to occupations and publicities play a cardinal function as pay determiner. ( Macro Van Harpen, 2003 ) In the article peculiar company was analyzed on history of their pay construction and the incentive effects of publicities. It was seen that rewards are attached to occupations and non to employees. About 25 % of life-time pay alterations are a direct or an indirect consequence of publicities. As we move on we happen to see that incentive consequence of wagess can be used to maneuver on internal labour markets can besides hold managerial impact. Previously, we said that incentive compensation is related to extrinsic motive, but in this article it showed that it along with extrinsic motive is besides related to intrinsic motive. One or two old ages after publicity, employees will be holding a comparatively high degree of intrinsic motive, which will finally decrease over clip. On the other manus inducements can bee seen as an option for publicities, as publicity are related to extrinsic motive. Findingss indicated in the article that strong actuating potency of publicities, both per s e and extrinsically. Restrictions are besides mentioned in respect to these findings, which are that the beginning of information which has been provided was given by the company and secondly that the outlook of publicity is measured subjectively merely. And in conclusion, motive is said to be caused by sensed outlooks of publicities despite whether this outlooks falls right or non. ( Kees Cools, 2004 ) In another article research from entrepreneurship, occupational pick, and employee engagement literature was seen to explicate what ere the factors that encouraged engagement in new corporate ventures. What is found was employee s basic determination to take part in any corporate venture is depended on the expected public-service corporation of the undertaking s incentive bundle. The consequences that were shown declared venture features, forces motive, and interactions effects should all be considered in planing any corporate ventures. Deductions in regard to this are related to the director, who should depend on the beginning of motive, different incentive bundle elements need to be emphasized. As for those employees who are said to hold extrinsic motive net income sharing is a factor that will give in strong positive impact. Whereas, employees with lower intrinsic motive, greater occupation hazard has a stronger negative impact. These two tradeoffs are necessary for directors to m aintain in head when sing optimum profit-sharing fillip packager for new venture. ( Todd Saxton, 2009 ) Another point under this subject through empirical observation examines the determiners and public presentation effects of centrality prejudice and lenience prejudice. Consequences in this peculiar article showed that directors respond to their ain inducements and penchants when measuring public presentation. When it comes to strong employee-manager relationship it positively affect centrality prejudice and lenience prejudice. Evidence shows that public presentation rating prejudices affects are non merely on current public presentation, but besides on the hereafter employee inducements. Manager s public presentation rating prejudices are non needfully linked to compensation undertaking. Although, centrality prejudice negatively is set uping the public presentation betterment whereas the grounds says nil clearly sing the lenience prejudice and public presentation. Relatively, the lenience prejudice is positively associated with future public presentation, which is reliable on behavio ural statement that prejudice can better looking equality and in bend employee motive. Inaccuracy of evaluation that is caused by directors rating prejudices is perceived to be one of the chief jobs which introduced subjectiveness into any compensation contract. However empirical surveies analyzing the effects of colored public presentation evaluations are non great in figure. Companies are more interested in the effectivity of performance-based compensation contracts in able to increase employees future public presentation, but non in the truth of public presentation evaluation. To look into how other concerns in combination to biased evaluation, act upon the effectivity of the wages of compensation that will lend vastly. ( Jasmijn.C.Bol, 2010 ) Herzberg is known as the male parent of occupation enrichment for employee s motive. He claimed that occupation satisfaction which is one nucleus portion in employee motive is non the antonym of occupation dissatisfaction. Alternatively the opposite if there is any of occupation satisfaction is no occupation satisfaction at all. If an employee is said to be good satisfied with his occupation he will finally be keener and hence more motivated towards his occupation. Therefore all the organisations should give thorough survey in conformity to do occupations more pulling to employees. And to keep employee motive is non hard, if you are traveling to maintain yourself into employees place intending you have to look at their demands in the same mode as directors consider their ain. ( Ed Zimmer, 1998 ) The manner CEO performs or his leading manner if frequently debated, since they are known to hold multiple degree of effects on all his employees. CEO have an upper direction through which they implement both direct and indirect effects. Since the CEO is a the individual with the vision who will be responsible for all the determinations taken by the house. This article talks about how two types of CEO work and how effectual their determinations are towards his/employees. These two types of CEO are 1s who own the company and other is professional CEO. The intent is to happen which leading manner has an immediate consequence toward the employees or subsidiaries of a company. ( Nancy Papalexandris, 2009 ) Work motive still lacks in many countries and hence, in order to hold a clear image one needs to analyze from new position. One can distinguish among witting and subconscious motive as that will assist in placing the demands of workers. Second, to hold survey of different types of relationships that is between general and specific motive. Third, acknowledge the function of human actions when explicating theories. If these factors are taken attention of work motive can accomplish new way. It is by all agencies besides necessary to analyze clip position, as to how employees and directors incorporate short term versus long term outcomes. This issue is of import at both organisational and single degree. Short tally is decidedly of import for the house to last otherwise there is no long term at all, but the focal point should non wholly be upon today one demand to see hereafter as good and in making so should see one s occupation accomplishments. How the organisation leaders prioritize en ds and values is non easy, as to accomplish one end they have to prorogue the other end. Employees should ever be updated of company s determination, in order to accomplish best results. ( Edwin A. Locke, 2004 ) The term motive is non ever clearly defined, at times it may mention as occupation satisfaction and other times as motive to execute, and satisfaction against pick, attempt and continuity are non similar phenomenon. Since they might non ever have same causes or effects, or at times may non impact one another. The prostration to specify footings in a clear and yet valid manner stifle cognitive lucidity hence, development in the field of work motive. There is no bound as to the geographic expedition of new thoughts in motive of workers and the more the directors or organisation is able to place the more likely they are in accomplishing their ends. Surveies besides prove that low rewards is non the factor for employees to experience sorry for, and a higher wage will convey them in high liquors. Job factors increase motive but in its absence it will non take to occupation dissatisfaction. Job factors besides known as satisfiers may include accomplishment, acknowledgment, and growing. On the contrary, hygiene factors are those that aid in cut downing dissatisfaction among employees, these factors include supervising, working conditions and security of occupation. So organisation should seek to intermix both of these factors at their best in order to accomplish the ends efficaciously. Further, employees should be rewarded harmonizing to employee s part in carry throughing their needed undertakings. There are frequently issues in this wages system as employee might see him or herself eligible to accomplishing wages, but the director is non ready to honor, at such state of affairss the employee might acquire de-motivated towards work and frequently his negative emotions arise as against his or her occupation. As motive is said to depend on how much employee wants something and how much they think that they will acquire. Further employees are by and large motivated to accomplish those ends which they have set together with their directors, as in leting them to take part will do them more energetic in able to accomplish those ends and this will do them experience of import for the organisation. Problems frequently arise at a point where cognition or information demands to be transferred among squads. Organizations can enable assorted sorts of motive and to hold assortment in the capacity to bring forth and reassign silent cognition. Since the cognition coevals and transportation are indispensable tool for organisation s competitory advantage. Intrinsic motive in indispensable for houses as discussed before every bit good, it has great many advantages in those countries where monetary value and markets play their function. The cognition transportation can non be straight linked to any one person. Directors can detect the cognition coevals and the transportation in footings of the end product that is generated, whereas explicit cognition is tradable. Directors are able to detect that how good employees with single cognition have performed and thereby they can honor employees consequently. Organizations that stress engagement and personal relationship as overlapping squads are needed. Finally houses are better able to pull off motive instead than markets. ( Bruno S.FREY, 2000 ) Executives are known as the back bone of any organisations, as they are the 1s who manage concern, take determination, and are likely the 1s who tend to better the place of their organisation. So, they should be given interest in the company in order to execute at their best towards those peculiar tasks/actions which they believe will smooth net incomes. The survey that was conducted in an organisation showed that executives should be given portion of the net income which company probably earns. This claim is uncontested, because most executives are known to be risk averse when it comes to portions of house which they manage. Further, the direction tends to portion net incomes with their employees in order to minimise losingss which arise due to negligence at work. When of all time there is higher managerial ownership we will see that more hazard is passed to employees, who will so be more careful and motivated during their occupation as they will see themselves as an of import porti on of the organisation. When direction is said to have the house, variableness in option compensation is greater. Naturally when employees do nt hold hazard involved in the house, intending that when they are to have their fixed wage they are non risk averse, whereas if they are given ownership in that context they will be more careful and more involved in the house. ( Ye Cai, 2010 )